PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of North America		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																				Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																						5.333
		Tortonian																						7.246
		Serravallian																						11.63
		Langhian																						13.82
		Burdigalian																						15.98
		Aquitanian																						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																						33.9
		Bartonian																						37.71
		Lutetian																						41.2
		Ypresian																						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																						56
		Selandian																						59.2
		Danian																						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																						66
		Campanian																						72.1
		Santonian																						83.6
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
		Cenomanian																						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																						100.5
		Aptian																						113
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian																						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																						145
		Kimmeridgian																						149.2
		Oxfordian																						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																						161.5
		Bathonian																						165.3
		Bajocian																						168.2
		Aalenian																						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																						174.7
		Pliensbachian																						184.2
		Sinemurian																						192.9
		Hettangian																						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																						201.4
		Norian																						208.5
		Carnian																						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																					Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																						259.51
		Wordian																						264.28
		Roadian																						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																						273.01
		Artinskian																						283.5
		Sakmarian																						290.1
		Asselian																						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																						298.9
		Kasimovian																						303.7
		Moscovian																						307
		Bashkirian																						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																						323.2
		Visean																						330.9
		Tournaisian																						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Pirgu		Rawtheyan		Gamachian	445.2
						Rawtheyan		Richmondian	446 *
						Cautleyan			448.9 *
						Pusgillian			449.3 *
				Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
				Vormsi				Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Nabala				Maysvillian			Johvi †	450 *
				Nabala				Edenian				450.4 *
			Viru	Rakvere				Edenian				450.6 *
							Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
						Cheneyan						451.5 *
				Oandu		Cheneyan						452 *
				Oandu		Burrellian						452.7 *
		Sandbian		Keila							Idavere †	453
									Actonian †			453.2 *
								Turinian				453.7 *
				Haljala								453.9
									Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †				455.2 *
				Kukruse									456.4 *
						Aurelucian							456.8 *
							Whiterockian			Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
				Uhaku					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
				Lasnamagi										458.9 *
				Aseri										460.4 *
				Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
			Oeland	Kunda										462.9 *
				Kunda							Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
				Volkhov										Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian													467.3
					Arenig	Fennian									468.4 *
								Rangerian							469.1 *
				Billingen				Rangerian							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
											Latorp †					470.1 *
						Whitlandian										471.1 *
				Hunneberg												473.7 *
								Tulean								473.9 *
						Moridunian										474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadoc	Migneintian										477.7
						Migneintian		Stairsian								480.3 *
						Cressagian										480.8 *
				Varangu												481.3 *
				Varangu				Skullrockian							Demingian †	482 *
				Pakerort												482.2 *
																Mansian †	483.55 *
																Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Late Cambrian	Datsonian		Niuchehean		Taoyuanian †	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
																					486.3 *
																					486.5
											Payntonian										486.8 *
																					487.5
																	Festiniogian				489.2 *
		Jiangshanian									Iverian		Jiangshanian								489.5
																		Aksaian			490.7 *
																		Sakian			492.2 *
																	Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian									Idamean		Paibian								494
																				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
															Waergangian †/Youshuanian					Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Middle Cambrian	Mindyallan		Guzhangian		Wangcunian †	St Davids		Ayusokkanian			Series 3 †	497
											Boomerangian							Ayusokkanian				499
											Boomerangian							Mayan/Menevian				499.5
		Drumian									Undillan		Drumian									500.5
		Drumian									Floran		Drumian									503
		Wuliuan									Templetonian		Wuliuan/Taijangian					Amgan/Solvan				Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan									Ordian		Wuliuan/Taijangian									Stage 5 †	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian			Duyunian			Caerfai							509
																		Toyonian	Lenian †				510 *
																		Toyonian					510.8 *
																		Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3											Nangaoian					Botomian					514
		Stage 3											Nangaoian					Atdabanian					515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Meishucunian					Tommotian					521
		Stage 2																Nemakit-Daldynian					525.5
		Fortunian																	Manykaian †				529
		Fortunian											Jinnigian						Manykaian †				530.7
																								538.8