PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of Australia	Ordovician of Britain				Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of China
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Serravallian																	11.63
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																	33.9
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Ypresian																	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																	56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Pliensbachian																	184.2
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
		Norian																	208.5
		Carnian																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Longtanian †									254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																	259.51
		Wordian																	264.28
		Roadian																	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																	273.01
		Artinskian																	283.5
		Sakmarian																	290.1
		Asselian																	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																	298.9
		Kasimovian																	303.7
		Moscovian																	307
		Bashkirian																	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																	323.2
		Visean																	330.9
		Tournaisian																	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan		Gamachian	445.2
				Rawtheyan		Richmondian	446 *
				Cautleyan			448.9 *
				Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
						Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
						Edenian			450.4 *
					Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
				Cheneyan					451.5 *
				Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
							Actonian †		453.2 *
						Turinian	Actonian †		453.7 *
							Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †		454.2 *
							Longvillian †				455.2 *
				Aurelucian							456.8 *
					Whiterockian			Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
							Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn								458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn								467.3
			Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
						Rangerian						469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
				Whitlandian		Blackhillsian							471.1 *
				Whitlandian		Tulean							473.9 *
				Moridunian									474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian									Ungurian	477.7
				Migneintian		Stairsian								480.3 *
				Cressagian		Stairsian								480.8 *
				Cressagian		Skullrockian						Demingian †		482 *
												Demingian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian			Datsonian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
											Payntonian					486.8 *
					Sunwaptan						Payntonian					487.5
		Jiangshanian									Iverian			Jiangshanian		489.5
													Aksaian			490.7 *
													Sakian			492.2 *
					Steptoean											493 *
		Paibian									Idamean			Paibian		494
		Paibian									Idamean			Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Middle Cambrian			Mindyallan			Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
								Boomerangian						Ayusokkanian			499
								Boomerangian									499.5
		Drumian						Undillan						Zhanaarykian	Drumian		500.5
		Drumian						Floran						Tuesaian	Drumian		503
		Wuliuan						Templetonian				Stage 5 †		Tuesaian	Topazan	Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
															Topazan			505.3
															Delamaran			506.5
								Ordian										507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Early Cambrian								Waucoban †			Duyunian		509
														Toyonian				510 *
																		510.8 *
															Dyeran			511 *
														Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3														Nangaoian		514
															Montezuman			514.8 *
														Atdabanian	Montezuman			515.6 *
														Atdabanian	Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian		Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2																525.5
		Fortunian																529
		Fortunian														Jinnigian		530.7
																			538.8