PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of China		Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of North America			Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																					Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																							5.333
		Tortonian																							7.246
		Serravallian																							11.63
		Langhian																							13.82
		Burdigalian																							15.98
		Aquitanian																							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																							33.9
		Bartonian																							37.71
		Lutetian																							41.2
		Ypresian																							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																							56
		Selandian																							59.2
		Danian																							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																							66
		Campanian																							72.1
		Santonian																							83.6
		Coniacian																							86.3
		Turonian																							89.8
		Cenomanian																							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																							100.5
		Aptian																							113
		Barremian																							121.4
		Hauterivian																							125.77
		Valanginian																							132.6
		Berriasian																							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																							145
		Kimmeridgian																							149.2
		Oxfordian																							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																							161.5
		Bathonian																							165.3
		Bajocian																							168.2
		Aalenian																							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																							174.7
		Pliensbachian																							184.2
		Sinemurian																							192.9
		Hettangian																							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																							201.4
		Norian																							208.5
		Carnian																							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																							259.51
		Wordian																							264.28
		Roadian																							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																							273.01
		Artinskian																							283.5
		Sakmarian																							290.1
		Asselian																							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																							298.9
		Kasimovian																							303.7
		Moscovian																							307
		Bashkirian																							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																							323.2
		Visean																							330.9
		Tournaisian																							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan		Pirgu		Gamachian	445.2
				Rawtheyan				Richmondian	446 *
				Cautleyan					448.9 *
				Pusgillian					449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian		Onnian †			Vormsi	449.6 *
								Maysvillian	Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Maysvillian	Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
								Edenian	Nabala			450.4 *
					Viru			Edenian	Rakvere			450.6 *
							Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
				Cheneyan								451.5 *
				Cheneyan					Oandu			452 *
				Burrellian					Oandu			452.7 *
		Sandbian							Keila		Idavere †	453
						Actonian †						453.2 *
								Turinian				453.7 *
									Haljala			453.9
						Marshbrookian †						Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †							455.2 *
									Kukruse				456.4 *
				Aurelucian									456.8 *
							Whiterockian			Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian								457.4 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			Uhaku		Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					Uhaku					458.4
									Lasnamagi					458.9 *
									Aseri					460.4 *
				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					Aseri					461.3 *
					Oeland				Kunda					462.9 *
									Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
									Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian													467.3
			Arenig	Fennian											468.4 *
								Rangerian							469.1 *
								Rangerian	Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
											Latorp †					470.1 *
				Whitlandian												471.1 *
									Hunneberg							473.7 *
								Tulean								473.9 *
				Moridunian												474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian												477.7
				Migneintian				Stairsian								480.3 *
				Cressagian												480.8 *
									Varangu							481.3 *
								Skullrockian	Varangu						Demingian †	482 *
									Pakerort							482.2 *
																Mansian †	483.55 *
																Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Late Cambrian	Niuchehean		Taoyuanian †		Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																					486.3 *
																					486.5
																		Payntonian			486.8 *
																					487.5
																				Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian									Jiangshanian							Iverian			489.5
															Aksaian						490.7 *
															Sakian						492.2 *
																				Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian									Paibian							Idamean			494
																	Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.7 *
													Waergangian †/Youshuanian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian				494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Middle Cambrian	Guzhangian		Wangcunian †		Ayusokkanian			Mindyallan	St Davids		Series 3 †	497
																		Mindyallan				Arcadian	498.4
																		Boomerangian					499
															Mayan/Menevian			Boomerangian					499.5
		Drumian									Drumian							Undillan					500.5
		Drumian									Drumian							Floran					503
		Wuliuan									Wuliuan/Taijangian				Amgan/Solvan			Templetonian					Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan									Wuliuan/Taijangian							Ordian					Stage 5 †	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	Duyunian								Branchian		Caerfai			509
															Toyonian	Lenian †								510 *
															Toyonian									510.8 *
															Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3									Nangaoian				Botomian									514
															Atdabanian									515.6 *
															Atdabanian				Placentian					517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Meishucunian				Tommotian									521
		Stage 2													Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian														Manykaian †								529
		Fortunian									Jinnigian					Manykaian †								530.7
																									538.8