PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of North America						Cambrian of West Avalonia	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian of Australia	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of Britain
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																						5.333
		Tortonian																						7.246
		Serravallian																						11.63
		Langhian																						13.82
		Burdigalian																						15.98
		Aquitanian																						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																						33.9
		Bartonian																						37.71
		Lutetian																						41.2
		Ypresian																						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																						56
		Selandian																						59.2
		Danian																						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																						66
		Campanian																						72.1
		Santonian																						83.6
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
		Cenomanian																						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																						100.5
		Aptian																						113
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian																						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																						145
		Kimmeridgian																						149.2
		Oxfordian																						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																						161.5
		Bathonian																						165.3
		Bajocian																						168.2
		Aalenian																						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																						174.7
		Pliensbachian																						184.2
		Sinemurian																						192.9
		Hettangian																						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																						201.4
		Norian																						208.5
		Carnian																						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian										Longtanian †												254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																						259.51
		Wordian																						264.28
		Roadian																						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																						273.01
		Artinskian																						283.5
		Sakmarian																						290.1
		Asselian																						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																						298.9
		Kasimovian																						303.7
		Moscovian																						307
		Bashkirian																						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																						323.2
		Visean																						330.9
		Tournaisian																						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian		Gamachian		Pirgu		Rawtheyan	445.2
				Richmondian				Rawtheyan	446 *
								Cautleyan	448.9 *
								Pusgillian	449.3 *
						Vormsi	Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Maysvillian		Vormsi				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Maysvillian		Nabala					Johvi †		450 *
				Edenian		Nabala							450.4 *
				Edenian	Viru	Rakvere							450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian									451.1 *
								Cheneyan					451.5 *
						Oandu		Cheneyan					452 *
						Oandu		Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian				Keila					Idavere †		453
									Actonian †				453.2 *
				Turinian									453.7 *
						Haljala							453.9
									Marshbrookian †				Woolstonian †	454.2 *
									Longvillian †					455.2 *
						Kukruse								456.4 *
								Aurelucian						456.8 *
			Whiterockian							Canadian †				Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						457.4 *
						Uhaku			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		Aluoja †				457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
						Lasnamagi									458.9 *
						Aseri									460.4 *
						Aseri		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
					Oeland	Kunda									462.9 *
						Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
						Volkhov									Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian														467.3
							Arenig	Fennian								468.4 *
				Rangerian												469.1 *
				Rangerian		Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian								Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †		470
											Latorp †					470.1 *
								Whitlandian								471.1 *
						Hunneberg										473.7 *
				Tulean												473.9 *
								Moridunian								474.3 *
		Tremadocian					Tremadoc	Migneintian								477.7
				Stairsian				Migneintian								480.3 *
								Cressagian								480.8 *
						Varangu										481.3 *
				Skullrockian		Varangu								Demingian †		482 *
						Pakerort										482.2 *
																485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Late Cambrian							Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																				486.3 *
																				486.5
																	Payntonian			486.8 *
																				487.5
																			Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian															Iverian		Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian															Iverian		Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian															Idamean		Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Middle Cambrian							Series 3 †	Mindyallan	St Davids		497
																		Mindyallan			Arcadian	498.4
																		Boomerangian				499
		Drumian																Undillan				500.5
		Drumian																Floran				503
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †				Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †				Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian							Branchian				Caerfai	Ordian	509
		Stage 4																					510.8 *
		Stage 3																					514
		Stage 3															Placentian						517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																					529
																								538.8