PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of the Baltic				Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of North America						Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																	Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian																		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																		273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian																		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																		298.9
		Kasimovian																		303.7
		Moscovian																		307
		Bashkirian																		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																		323.2
		Visean																		330.9
		Tournaisian																		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Pirgu		Gamachian	445.2
				Pirgu		Richmondian	446 *
				Vormsi		Richmondian	449.6 *
				Vormsi		Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Nabala		Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
				Nabala		Edenian			450.4 *
			Viru	Rakvere		Edenian			450.6 *
				Rakvere	Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
				Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian		Keila				Idavere †	453
				Keila		Turinian			453.7 *
				Haljala					453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Kukruse	Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku				Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku						458.4
				Lasnamagi						458.9 *
				Aseri						460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
				Kunda				Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
				Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian									467.3
						Rangerian					469.1 *
				Billingen		Rangerian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
								Latorp †				470.1 *
				Hunneberg								473.7 *
						Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean						Ungurian	477.7
						Stairsian							480.3 *
				Varangu		Stairsian							481.3 *
				Varangu		Skullrockian					Demingian †		482 *
				Pakerort							Demingian †		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort			Late Cambrian		Batyrbaian					Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
															Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian														489.5
									Aksaian							490.7 *
									Sakian							492.2 *
															Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian													Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian		Ayusokkanian					St Davids		Series 3 †	497
									Ayusokkanian								Arcadian	498.4
																		499.5
		Drumian							Zhanaarykian									500.5
		Drumian							Tuesaian									503
		Wuliuan							Tuesaian									Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †	505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian							Branchian		Caerfai			509
									Toyonian										510 *
									Botomian										512.5 *
		Stage 3							Botomian										514
									Atdabanian										515.6 *
									Atdabanian					Placentian					517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian										521
		Stage 2																	525.5
		Fortunian																	529
																				538.8