PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of North America						Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of China		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Lutetian																			41.2
		Ypresian																			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																			56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Pliensbachian																			184.2
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian																			208.5
		Carnian																			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																	Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																			259.51
		Wordian																			264.28
		Roadian																			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																			273.01
		Artinskian																			283.5
		Sakmarian																			290.1
		Asselian																			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																			298.9
		Kasimovian																			303.7
		Moscovian																			307
		Bashkirian																			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																			323.2
		Visean																			330.9
		Tournaisian																			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Pirgu		Gamachian	445.2
				Pirgu		Richmondian	446 *
				Vormsi		Richmondian	449.6 *
				Vormsi		Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Nabala		Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
				Nabala		Edenian			450.4 *
			Viru	Rakvere		Edenian			450.6 *
				Rakvere	Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
				Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian		Keila				Idavere †	453
				Keila		Turinian			453.7 *
				Haljala					453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Kukruse	Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku				Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku						458.4
				Lasnamagi						458.9 *
				Aseri						460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
				Kunda				Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
				Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian									467.3
						Rangerian					469.1 *
				Billingen		Rangerian					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
								Latorp †				470.1 *
				Hunneberg								473.7 *
						Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean						Ungurian	477.7
						Stairsian							480.3 *
				Varangu		Stairsian							481.3 *
				Varangu		Skullrockian					Demingian †		482 *
				Pakerort							Demingian †		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort			Late Cambrian						Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Jiangshanian				489.5
																Aksaian		490.7 *
																Sakian		492.2 *
																	Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian												Paibian				494
		Paibian												Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian						Marjumian	Albertian †	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian													Guzhangian				499.5
		Drumian													Drumian			Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian													Drumian			Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan											Topazan		Wuliuan/Taijangian			Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	504.5
													Topazan							505.3
													Delamaran							506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian							Waucoban †	Duyunian					509
																		Toyonian		510 *
													Dyeran					Toyonian		511 *
																		Botomian		512.5 *
		Stage 3													Nangaoian					514
													Montezuman							514.8 *
													Montezuman					Atdabanian		515.6 *
													Begadean					Atdabanian		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													Meishucunian			Tommotian		521
		Stage 2																		525.5
		Fortunian																		529
		Fortunian													Jinnigian					530.7
																					538.8