PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Siberia			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of the Baltic
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan															Cenozoic 6					0
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																				0.0117
		Chibanian																				0.129
		Calabrian																				0.774
		Gelasian																				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																				5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
		Serravallian															Cenozoic 5					11.63
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian																				15.98
		Aquitanian																				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															Cenozoic 4					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian															Cenozoic 4					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Cenozoic 3					33.9
		Bartonian															Cenozoic 3					37.71
		Lutetian															Cenozoic 2					41.2
		Ypresian															Cenozoic 2					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian															Cenozoic 1					56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Cretaceous 8					66
		Campanian															Cretaceous 7					72.1
		Santonian															Cretaceous 6					83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian															Cretaceous 5					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															Cretaceous 4					100.5
		Aptian															Cretaceous 3					113
		Barremian															Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian															Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian															Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian															Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian															Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian																				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																				161.5
		Bathonian															Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian															Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian															Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian															Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian															Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian															Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian															Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian															Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian															Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian															Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian															Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan															Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian															Permian 4					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									Longtanian †											254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																				259.51
		Wordian																				264.28
		Roadian															Permian 3					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian															Permian 2					273.01
		Artinskian																				283.5
		Sakmarian																				290.1
		Asselian															Permian 1					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															Carboniferous 5					298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7														Carboniferous 5
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan			Pirgu	445.2
				Cautleyan				448.9 *
				Pusgillian				449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian			Onnian †	Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
				Cheneyan				Rakvere		451.5 *
				Cheneyan				Oandu		452 *
				Burrellian				Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4			Keila	Idavere †	453
							Actonian †	Keila		453.2 *
							Actonian †	Haljala		453.9
							Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †		454.2 *
							Longvillian †					455.2 *
								Kukruse				456.4 *
				Aurelucian								456.8 *
							Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
							Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Ordovician 3	Uhaku				458.4
								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
								Aseri				460.4 *
				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				Aseri				461.3 *
						Oeland		Kunda				462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
								Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Ordovician 2						467.3
			Arenig	Fennian									468.4 *
								Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
									Latorp †				470.1 *
				Whitlandian									471.1 *
				Whitlandian				Hunneberg					473.7 *
				Moridunian									474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian			Ordovician 1						477.7
				Cressagian							480.8 *
								Varangu			481.3 *
								Pakerort			482.2 *
											Mansian †		483.55 *
											Mansian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Late Cambrian		Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Cambrian 5		485.4
																		486.3 *
																		486.5
											Festiniogian							489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																489.5
													Aksaian					490.7 *
													Sakian					492.2 *
											Maentwrogian							493.1 *
		Paibian																494
		Paibian													Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Middle Cambrian		St Davids				Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian				Cambrian 4	497
														Ayusokkanian					Arcadian	498.4
														Mayan/Menevian						499.5
		Drumian												Mayan/Menevian						500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †				Amgan/Solvan		Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Early Cambrian		Caerfai									Amgan/Solvan	Branchian		509
															Toyonian			Lenian †			510 *
															Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3													Botomian					Cambrian 2	514
															Atdabanian						515.6 *
															Atdabanian				Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													Tommotian						521
		Stage 2													Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian													Nemakit-Daldynian			Manykaian †		Cambrian 1	529
																						538.8