PBDB Timescale

Cambrian Epochs

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 12 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 594 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Britain				Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																	Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																				5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
		Serravallian																				11.63
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian																				15.98
		Aquitanian																				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
		Bartonian																				37.71
		Lutetian																				41.2
		Ypresian																				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																				56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																				66
		Campanian																				72.1
		Santonian																				83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian																				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																				100.5
		Aptian																				113
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																				125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian																				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																				145
		Kimmeridgian																				149.2
		Oxfordian																				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																				161.5
		Bathonian																				165.3
		Bajocian																				168.2
		Aalenian																				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																				174.7
		Pliensbachian																				184.2
		Sinemurian																				192.9
		Hettangian																				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																				201.4
		Norian																				208.5
		Carnian																				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																		Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																				259.51
		Wordian																				264.28
		Roadian																				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																				273.01
		Artinskian																				283.5
		Sakmarian																				290.1
		Asselian																				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																				298.9
		Kasimovian																				303.7
		Moscovian																				307
		Bashkirian																				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian																				323.2
		Visean																				330.9
		Tournaisian																				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan		Pirgu	445.2
				Cautleyan			448.9 *
				Pusgillian			449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian		Onnian †	Vormsi	449.6 *
							Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
					Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
				Cheneyan			Rakvere		451.5 *
				Cheneyan			Oandu		452 *
				Burrellian			Oandu		452.7 *
		Sandbian					Keila	Idavere †	453
						Actonian †	Keila		453.2 *
						Actonian †	Haljala		453.9
						Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
						Longvillian †				455.2 *
							Kukruse			456.4 *
				Aurelucian						456.8 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
						Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Uhaku			458.4
							Lasnamagi			458.9 *
							Aseri			460.4 *
				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Aseri			461.3 *
					Oeland		Kunda			462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
							Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian									467.3
			Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
							Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
								Latorp †			470.1 *
				Whitlandian							471.1 *
				Whitlandian			Hunneberg				473.7 *
				Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian							Ungurian	477.7
				Cressagian								480.8 *
							Varangu					481.3 *
							Pakerort					482.2 *
												Mansian †	483.55 *
												Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian			Batyrbaian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Datsonian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																		486.3 *
																		486.5
															Payntonian			486.8 *
															Payntonian		Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian													Iverian			489.5
											Aksaian	Aksaian						490.7 *
											Sakian	Sakian						492.2 *
																	Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian													Idamean			494
		Paibian												Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	Idamean			494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Middle Cambrian			Ayusokkanian	Ayusokkanian			Mindyallan	St Davids		Series 3 †	497
															Mindyallan				Arcadian	498.4
															Boomerangian					499
												Mayan/Menevian			Boomerangian					499.5
		Drumian									Zhanaarykian				Undillan					500.5
		Drumian									Tuesaian				Floran					503
		Wuliuan									Tuesaian	Amgan/Solvan			Templetonian					Stage 5 †	504.5
															Templetonian						505.3
															Ordian						507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4						Early Cambrian								Branchian		Caerfai			509
											Toyonian	Toyonian	Lenian †								510 *
											Toyonian	Toyonian									510.8 *
											Botomian	Botomian									512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian	Botomian									514
											Atdabanian	Atdabanian									515.6 *
											Atdabanian	Atdabanian				Placentian					517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian	Tommotian									521
		Stage 2										Nemakit-Daldynian									525.5
		Fortunian										Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †								529
																						538.8