PBDB Timescale

Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 14 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 859 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Permian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan									145
		Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan									149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan									150
				Heterian									154.5
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan									164.3
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian							Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites				168.2
		Bajocian								Humphresianum			168.4
		Aalenian							Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense			174.7
			Herangi	Ururoan						Thouarsense			176
													180.1
									Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum				182
		Pliensbachian							Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran					Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni				188.9
		Sinemurian							Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				192.9
		Hettangian							Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian									201.4
		Norian		Warepan									208.5
				Otamitan									217
				Oretian									221
		Carnian		Oretian									227
		Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan									227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan									237
		Ladinian		Etalian									238
		Anisian		Etalian									242
		Anisian		Malakovian									246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian				Vokhmian					247.2
		Olenekian		Nelsonian									249
		Induan		Nelsonian									251.2
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan									251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan									251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian									253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan		Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian		Flettian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Wordian			264.28
		Wordian		Barettian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Wordian			266
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian			Cathedralian	273.01
				Mangapirian							Cathedralian	276
											Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian										283.5
				Telfordian								285
				Telfordian				Wolfcampian			Lenoxian	286.1 *
												288.5
		Sakmarian										290.1
		Asselian									Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †					497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			504.5
													509