PBDB Timescale

Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 14 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 859 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Mesozoic Subages		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian						66
		Campanian			Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian						72.1
		Santonian			Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian			Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian			Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian			Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Late Albian						100.5
					Middle Albian						106.2 *
					Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian			Late Aptian						113
		Aptian			Early Aptian						119.5 *
		Barremian			Late Barremian/Early Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian			Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian			Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian			Late Berriasian						139.8
					Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
					Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan	Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					145
		Tithonian			Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian					146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Late Kimmeridgian						149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan	Late Kimmeridgian						150
				Ohauan	Early Kimmeridgian						152.2 *
				Heterian	Early Kimmeridgian						154.5
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan	Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						164.3
		Bathonian			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian						168.2
		Bajocian			Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian						174.7
			Herangi	Ururoan	Late Toarcian						176
					Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
					Early Toarcian						182.9 *
		Pliensbachian			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian						184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian						188.9
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian							201.4
		Norian		Warepan	Sevatian						208.5
					Alaunian						213.2 *
					Lacian						216.7 *
				Otamitan							217
				Oretian							221
		Carnian		Oretian	Tuvalian						227
			Gore	Kaihikuan	Tuvalian						227.5
					Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian		237
				Etalian	Longobardian		238
					Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian		242
					Pelsonian		243.8 *
					Bithynian		244.7 *
					Aegean		245.5 *
				Malakovian	Aegean		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Spathian		Vokhmian	247.2
					Smithian			248.9 *
				Nelsonian	Smithian			249
		Induan			Dienerian			251.2
					Griesbachian			251.4 *
			DUrville	Makarewan	Griesbachian			251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan				Meishanian		251.902
				Waiitian				Meishanian		253.2
								Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Laoshanian	Longtanian †	254.14
				Puruhauan				Laoshanian		254.2
				Puruhauan				Laibinian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Lengwuan		259.51
		Wordian		Flettian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Kuhfengian		264.28
		Wordian		Barettian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			266
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Luodianian		273.01
		Kungurian		Mangapirian						276
		Artinskian		Mangapirian						283.5
				Telfordian						285
				Telfordian				Longlinian		285.4 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian						Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †				497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †	504.5
											509