PBDB Timescale

Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 14 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 859 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Mesozoic Subages		Ten Million Year Bins	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian					Cenozoic 5				11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Cenozoic 4				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian					Cenozoic 4				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Cenozoic 3				33.9
		Bartonian					Cenozoic 3				37.71
		Lutetian					Cenozoic 2				41.2
		Ypresian					Cenozoic 2				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Cenozoic 1				56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian			Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian			Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian			Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian			Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian			Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Late Albian		Cretaceous 4				100.5
					Middle Albian						106.2 *
					Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian			Late Aptian		Cretaceous 3				113
		Aptian			Early Aptian		Cretaceous 3				119.5 *
		Barremian			Late Barremian/Early Barremian		Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian			Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian			Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian			Late Berriasian						139.8
					Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
					Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan	Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6				145
		Tithonian			Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	Jurassic 6				146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Late Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5				149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan	Late Kimmeridgian						150
				Ohauan	Early Kimmeridgian						152.2 *
				Heterian	Early Kimmeridgian						154.5
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan	Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						164.3
		Bathonian			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian						168.2
		Bajocian			Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian						174.7
			Herangi	Ururoan	Late Toarcian						176
					Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
					Early Toarcian						182.9 *
		Pliensbachian			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2				184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2				188.9
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian			Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian		Warepan	Sevatian				208.5
					Alaunian				213.2 *
					Lacian				216.7 *
				Otamitan					217
				Oretian					221
		Carnian		Oretian	Tuvalian		Triassic 3		227
			Gore	Kaihikuan	Tuvalian				227.5
					Julian				233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian		Triassic 2		237
				Etalian	Longobardian				238
					Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian				242
					Pelsonian				243.8 *
					Bithynian				244.7 *
					Aegean				245.5 *
				Malakovian	Aegean				246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Spathian		Triassic 1		247.2
					Smithian				248.9 *
				Nelsonian	Smithian				249
		Induan			Dienerian				251.2
					Griesbachian				251.4 *
			DUrville	Makarewan	Griesbachian				251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan			Permian 4		Meishanian	251.902
				Waiitian					Meishanian	253.2
								Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Laoshanian	254.14
				Puruhauan					Laoshanian	254.2
				Puruhauan					Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian					Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian		Flettian					Kuhfengian	264.28
		Wordian		Barettian						266
		Roadian					Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Permian 2		Luodianian	273.01
		Kungurian		Mangapirian						276
		Artinskian		Mangapirian						283.5
				Telfordian						285
				Telfordian					Longlinian	285.4 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian					Permian 1		Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Carboniferous 5		Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian				Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Cambrian 4	Series 3 †			497
		Drumian				Cambrian 4				500.5
		Wuliuan				Cambrian 3		Stage 5 †		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Cambrian 3				509
	Series 2	Stage 3				Cambrian 2				514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Cambrian 2				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				Cambrian 1				529
											538.8