PBDB Timescale

Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 14 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 859 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian									Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian									Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian									Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian									Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian									Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian									Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian									Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Cretaceous 4	100.5
		Aptian									Cretaceous 3	113
		Barremian									Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian									Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian									Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian									Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan							Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan							Jurassic 5	149.2
			Kawhia	Ohauan								150
				Heterian								154.5
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Callovian		Temaikan								164.3
		Bathonian									Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras							168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense							168.4
		Aalenian			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni						Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta							174.7
			Herangi	Ururoan	Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta							176
					Planulata							179.3 *
					Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi					179.8 *
					Kanense							181.3 *
					Carlottense							182.3 *
					Kunae							183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Kunae						Jurassic 2	184.2
					Freboldi							185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras						186.2 *
				Aratauran	Whiteavesi/Imlayi							188.9
												189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis						190.3 *
		Sinemurian									Jurassic 1	192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras					196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites							196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian					Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian		Warepan						208.5
				Otamitan						217
				Oretian						221
		Carnian		Oretian					Triassic 3	227
		Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan					Triassic 3	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan					Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian		Etalian						238
		Anisian		Etalian						242
		Anisian		Malakovian						246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian					Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian		Nelsonian						249
		Induan		Nelsonian						251.2
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan						251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan					Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian						253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian						Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan						Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian							259.51
		Wordian		Flettian							264.28
		Wordian		Barettian							266
		Roadian							Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Permian 2		273.01
		Kungurian		Mangapirian							276
		Artinskian		Mangapirian				283.5
				Telfordian				285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian						Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian						Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean						Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian						Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian						Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian						Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian						Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	Cambrian 4		497
		Drumian				500.5			Cambrian 4
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					509		Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3					Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					Cambrian 1	529
												538.8