PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		North American Land Mammal Ages	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran	Saintaugustinean				0
		Meghalayan			Santarosean				0.0004
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Late Pleistocene			Rancholabrean			Late Pleistocene	0.014
		Chibanian			Rancholabrean			Middle Pleistocene	0.129
					Irvingtonian				0.21
				Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene	0.774
					Blancan				1.4
				Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian				Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian		Waipipian				Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean		Waipipian				Early Pliocene	3.6
				Opoitian					3.7
				Opoitian	Hemphillian				4.7
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean				Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian							7.246
					Clarendonian				9.4
			Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene	11.63
					Barstovian				12.5
				Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian					13.82
				Clifdenian					15.1
			Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene	15.98
					Hemingfordian				16.3
					Arikareean				18.5
				Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian		Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian	Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Waitakian		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	Late Oligocene	23.03
				Duntroonian					25.2
				Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian				Kekeamuan		Early Oligocene	27.82
					Whitneyan				29.5
					Orellan				31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian			Chadronian	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Late Eocene	33.9
			Arnold	Runangan					34.6
				Kaiatan					36.7
					Duchesnean				37
		Bartonian				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		Middle Eocene	37.71
				Bortonian					39.1
					Uintan				39.7
		Lutetian							41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
				Heretaungan					45.7
					Bridgerian				46.2
		Ypresian					Bumbanian	Early Eocene	47.8
				Mangaorapan					48.9
				Mangaorapan	Wasatchian				50.5
				Waipawan	Wasatchian				52
				Waipawan	Clarkforkian				54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian	Clarkforkian	Gashatan		Late Paleocene	56
		Thanetian			Tiffanian	Gashatan		Late Paleocene	56.2
		Selandian			Tiffanian			Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Selandian			Torrejonian			Middle Paleocene	60.9
		Danian			Torrejonian			Early Paleocene	61.6
		Danian			Puercan			Early Paleocene	63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian		Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
				Mangaotanean					90.5
				Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan					93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
				Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan					100.5
				Urutawan					103.3
			Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian		Korangan					113
		Aptian							117.5
		Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian							125.77
		Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian							139.8
									145