PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		North American Land Mammal Ages	Central Paratethys Stages	Mammal Paleogene Zones		European Faunal Units	Cretaceous Subepochs	Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran	Saintaugustinean										0
		Meghalayan			Santarosean										0.0004
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Tarantian				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene			Rancholabrean						Tarantian				0.014
		Chibanian			Rancholabrean						Ionian				0.129
					Irvingtonian										0.21
				Castlecliffian											0.34
		Calabrian													0.774
					Blancan										1.4
				Nukumaruan											1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan										MN 17	1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian										MN 17	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian					Villanyian					MN 16	2.58
				Waipipian					Villanyian						3
									Ruscinian						3.1 *
														MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean													3.6
				Opoitian											3.7
														MN 14	4.2
					Hemphillian									MN 14	4.7
														MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean					Turolian						5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan											7.2
		Tortonian				Pannonian								MN 12	7.246
														MN 11	7.75
									Vallesian					MN 10	8.7
					Clarendonian									MN 10	9.4
														MN 9	9.7
			Southland	Waiauan										MN 9	11.04
														MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian				Sarmatian			Astaracian						11.63
					Barstovian	Sarmatian									12.5
						Badenian								MN 6	12.8 *
				Lillburnian		Badenian								MN 6	13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian										MN 5	13.82
				Clifdenian											15.1
			Pareora	Altonian											15.9
		Burdigalian							Orleanian					MN 4	15.98
					Hemingfordian									MN 4	16.3
					Hemingfordian									MN 3	16.9
					Arikareean										18.5
				Otaian											18.7
									Agenian					MN 2	20
		Aquitanian													20.44
			Landon	Waitakian											21.7
														MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian		23.03
				Duntroonian											25.2
				Whaingaroan											27.3
		Rupelian					MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21					Kekeamuan			27.82
					Whitneyan										29.5
					Orellan										31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian			Chadronian		MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A					Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian			33.9
			Arnold	Runangan											34.6
				Kaiatan											36.7
					Duchesnean										37
		Bartonian					MP 16					Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan			37.71
				Bortonian											39.1
					Uintan										39.7
		Lutetian					MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11								41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan											42.6
				Heretaungan											45.7
					Bridgerian					46.2
		Ypresian					MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7			Bumbanian			47.8
				Mangaorapan									48.9
				Mangaorapan	Wasatchian								50.5
				Waipawan	Wasatchian								52
				Waipawan	Clarkforkian								54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian	Clarkforkian		MP 6	MP 1 - 5		Gashatan			56
		Thanetian			Tiffanian		MP 6			Gashatan			56.2
		Selandian			Tiffanian								59.2
		Selandian			Torrejonian						60.9
		Danian			Torrejonian						61.6
		Danian			Puercan						63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian							Senonian		66
		Campanian		Haumurian									72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan									83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
				Mangaotanean									90.5
				Arowhanan									93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan									93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian									95.2
				Motuan									99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan							Gallic		100.5
				Urutawan									103.3
			Taitai	Korangan									108.4
		Aptian		Korangan									113
		Aptian											117.5
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian									Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
															145