PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Ten Million Year Bins	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran			Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian						0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Chibanian		Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian		Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian		Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan						MN 17	1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian						MN 17	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian	Yushean					MN 16	2.58
				Waipipian						MN 16	3
										MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean									3.6
				Opoitian							3.7
										MN 14	4.2
					Baodean					MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian								MN 12	7.246
										MN 11	7.75
										MN 10	8.7
										MN 9	9.7
			Southland	Waiauan						MN 9	11.04
					Tunggurian					MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian					Cenozoic 5			MN 7 + 8	11.63
										MN 6	12.8 *
				Lillburnian						MN 6	13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian	Shanwangian					MN 5	13.82
				Clifdenian							15.1
			Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian								MN 4	15.98
					Xiejiaan					MN 3	16.9
				Otaian						MN 3	18.7
										MN 2	20
		Aquitanian									20.44
			Landon	Waitakian							21.7
										MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Cenozoic 4	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian		23.03
				Duntroonian							25.2
				Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian						Kekeamuan			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Cenozoic 3	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian			33.9
			Arnold	Runangan							34.6
				Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian		Kaiatan				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan			37.71
		Bartonian		Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian		Bortonian			Cenozoic 2				41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
				Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian		Heretaungan					Bumbanian		47.8
				Mangaorapan							48.9
				Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian			Cenozoic 1	Gashatan			56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian		Lancian/Edmontonian	Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian		Haumurian		Judithian/Aquilan	Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan			Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
				Mangaotanean							90.5
				Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan			Cretaceous 5				93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
				Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan			Cretaceous 4				100.5
				Urutawan							103.3
			Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian		Korangan			Cretaceous 3				113
		Aptian					Cretaceous 3				117.5
		Barremian					Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian					Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian					Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian					Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian					Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian					Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian					Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian					Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian					Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian					Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian					Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian					Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian					Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Permian 4				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian					Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Permian 2				273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian		Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan		Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3		Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521	Cambrian 2
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
											538.8