PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe	Central Paratethys Stages	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran									0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Tarantian				Sheridanian				0.0117
		Chibanian			Ionian				Sheridanian				0.129
									Cudahyan/Sappan				0.21
				Castlecliffian									0.34
		Calabrian											0.774
									Senecan/Rexroadian				1.4
				Nukumaruan									1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan									1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian									2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian									2.58
		Piacenzian		Waipipian									3
		Zanclean		Waipipian									3.6
				Opoitian									3.7
				Opoitian					Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian				4.7
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean									5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan									7.2
		Tortonian				Pannonian							7.246
									Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian				9.4
			Southland	Waiauan									11.04
		Serravallian				Sarmatian							11.63
						Sarmatian			late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian				12.5
						Badenian							12.8 *
				Lillburnian		Badenian							13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian									13.82
				Clifdenian									15.1
			Pareora	Altonian									15.9
		Burdigalian											15.98
									Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian				16.3
									late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian			18.5
				Otaian									18.7
		Aquitanian		Otaian									20.44
		Aquitanian	Landon	Waitakian									21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian					23.03
										Monroecreekian			23.1 *
										Geringian			24.7 *
				Duntroonian									25.2
				Whaingaroan									27.3
		Rupelian					Kekeamuan						27.82
		Rupelian					Kekeamuan						29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian					Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian				33.9
			Arnold	Runangan									34.6
				Kaiatan									36.7
													37
		Bartonian					Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan						37.71
				Bortonian									39.1
									Late Uintan/Early Uintan				39.7
		Lutetian											41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan									42.6
				Heretaungan									45.7
									Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian				46.2
		Ypresian						Bumbanian					47.8
				Mangaorapan									48.9
				Mangaorapan					Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean				50.5
				Waipawan					Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean				52
				Waipawan							Cf3/Cf2/Cf1		54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian			Gashatan				Cf3/Cf2/Cf1		56
		Thanetian					Gashatan				Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1		56.2
		Selandian									Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1		59.2
		Selandian									To3/To2/To1		60.9
		Danian									To3/To2/To1		61.6
		Danian									Pu3/Pu2/Pu1		63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian								Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian		Haumurian								Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan									83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
				Mangaotanean									90.5
				Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan	93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
				Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan	100.5
				Urutawan	103.3
			Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian		Korangan	113
		Aptian			117.5
		Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian			139.8
													145