PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran				0
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Tarantian	Late Pleistocene		0.0117
		Chibanian			Ionian	Middle Pleistocene		0.129
		Chibanian		Castlecliffian	Ionian	Middle Pleistocene		0.34
		Calabrian		Castlecliffian		Early Pleistocene		0.774
		Calabrian		Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan				1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian		Late Pliocene		2.58
		Piacenzian		Waipipian		Late Pliocene		3
		Zanclean		Waipipian		Early Pliocene		3.6
		Zanclean		Opoitian		Early Pliocene		3.7
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean		Late Miocene		5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian		Tongaporutuan				7.246
		Tortonian	Southland	Waiauan				11.04
		Serravallian		Waiauan		Middle Miocene		11.63
		Serravallian		Lillburnian				13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian				13.82
				Clifdenian				15.1
			Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian		Altonian		Early Miocene		15.98
		Burdigalian		Otaian				18.7
		Aquitanian		Otaian				20.44
		Aquitanian	Landon	Waitakian				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Waitakian		Late Oligocene		23.03
				Duntroonian				25.2
				Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene		33.9
			Arnold	Runangan				34.6
				Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian		Kaiatan		Middle Eocene		37.71
		Bartonian		Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian		Bortonian				41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
				Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian		Heretaungan		Early Eocene		47.8
				Mangaorapan				48.9
				Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian		Late Paleocene		56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene		59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian			Lancian/Edmontonian	66
		Campanian		Haumurian			Judithian/Aquilan	72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan				83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
				Mangaotanean				90.5
				Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan				93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
				Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan				100.5
				Urutawan				103.3
			Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian		Korangan				113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
								145