PBDB Timescale

Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1251 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ten Million Year Bins	European Faunal Zones	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Wanganui	Haweran	Cenozoic 6			0
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian		Castlecliffian			Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian		Castlecliffian			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian		Nukumaruan				1.63
		Gelasian		Nukumaruan		MN 17		1.8
		Gelasian		Mangapanian		MN 17		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Mangapanian		MN 16	Late Pliocene	2.58
				Waipipian		MN 16		3
						MN 15		3.2
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene	3.6
				Opoitian				3.7
						MN 14		4.2
						MN 13		4.9
	Miocene	Messinian	Taranaki	Kapitean			Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian		Tongaporutuan				7.2
		Tortonian				MN 12		7.246
						MN 11		7.75
						MN 10		8.7
						MN 9		9.7
			Southland	Waiauan		MN 9		11.04
						MN 7 + 8		11.1
		Serravallian			Cenozoic 5	MN 7 + 8	Middle Miocene	11.63
						MN 6		12.8 *
				Lillburnian		MN 6		13.05
		Langhian		Lillburnian		MN 5		13.82
				Clifdenian				15.1
			Pareora	Altonian				15.9
		Burdigalian				MN 4	Early Miocene	15.98
						MN 3		16.9
				Otaian		MN 3		18.7
						MN 2		20
		Aquitanian						20.44
			Landon	Waitakian				21.7
						MN 1		22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian			Cenozoic 4		Late Oligocene	23.03
				Duntroonian				25.2
				Whaingaroan				27.3
		Rupelian					Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian			Cenozoic 3		Late Eocene	33.9
			Arnold	Runangan				34.6
				Kaiatan				36.7
		Bartonian		Kaiatan			Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian		Bortonian				39.1
		Lutetian		Bortonian	Cenozoic 2			41.2
			Dannevirke	Porangan				42.6
				Heretaungan				45.7
		Ypresian		Heretaungan			Early Eocene	47.8
				Mangaorapan				48.9
				Waipawan				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Teurian	Cenozoic 1		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Mata	Haumurian	Cretaceous 8			66
		Campanian		Haumurian	Cretaceous 7			72.1
		Santonian		Piripauan	Cretaceous 6			83.6
		Santonian	Raukumara	Teratan				86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
				Mangaotanean				90.5
				Arowhanan				93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan	Cretaceous 5			93.9
			Clarence	Ngaterian				95.2
				Motuan				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Motuan	Cretaceous 4			100.5
				Urutawan				103.3
			Taitai	Korangan				108.4
		Aptian		Korangan	Cretaceous 3			113
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3			117.5
		Barremian			Cretaceous 2			121.4
		Hauterivian			Cretaceous 2			125.77
		Valanginian			Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian			Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian			Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian			Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian			Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian			Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian			Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian			Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian			Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian			Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian		Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan		Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3		Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521	Cambrian 2
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
								538.8