PBDB Timescale

Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 492 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Carboniferous of North America	Permian of North America		Permian of the Russian Platform		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian of Western Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									Tertiary †			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian												11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
		Bartonian												37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												201.4
		Norian												208.5
		Carnian												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Vokhmian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							Vokhmian					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Melekhovian											251.902
		Wuchiapingian							Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein		Longtanian †		254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Tatarian	Vyatkian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein		Longtanian †		256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Capitanian			Severodvinian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Rotliegendes				259.51
		Wordian			Wordian			Urzhumian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian					264.28
		Wordian	Noginskian		Wordian			Urzhumian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian					264.9 *
		Roadian			Roadian		Kazanian	Povolzhian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian					266.9
		Roadian			Roadian		Kazanian	Sokian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Leonardian	Cathedralian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian						273.01
								Filipovian						276.5 *
			Pavlovoposadian					Filipovian						276.8 *
								Saraninian						280.1 *
						Hessian		Saraninian						281.9 *
		Artinskian					Artinskian	Sarginian		Autunian				283.5
								Irginian						285.9 *
					Wolfcampian	Lenoxian								286.1 *
			Rusavkinian											287.6 *
				Burtsevian				287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian			Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian		Bursumian †		Nealian	Asselian	Shikhanian					293.52
								Uskalykian					294.8
								Surenian					297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian									298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian	Missourian									303.7
			Khamovnikian										304.8
			Krevyakinian										305.8 *
			Krevyakinian	Desmoinesian									305.9 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian										307
			Podolskian										308.9 *
			Kashirian										311.4 *
			Kashirian	Atokan									312.7 *
			Vereian										313.8
			Melekessian										314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian								315.2
			Cheremshanian								316.9 *
			Cheremshanian	Morrowan							318.4 *
			Prikamian								318.6 *
			Severokeltmian								319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian								321.2 *
			Voznesenian								321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	Chesterian							323.2
			Protvian								324.4 *
			Steshevian								326.8 *
			Tarusian								329 *
		Visean	Venevian								330.9
			Mikhailovian								331.9 *
			Aleksinian								333.7 *
			Tulian	Meramecian							335.8 *
			Bobrikian	Meramecian							339.9 *
			Bobrikian	Osagean							343.1 *
			Radaevkian								343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian								346.7
			Kizelian								350.7 *
			Cherepetian	Kinderhookian							351.9 *
			Karakubian								354.4 *
			Upinian								356.3 *
			Malevkian								357.6 *
			Gumerovian								358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †		497
		Drumian									500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	504.5
														509