PBDB Timescale

Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 492 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of Western Europe	Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Permian of North America		Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian										Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian										Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian										Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian										Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian										Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian										Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian										Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Cretaceous 4	100.5
		Aptian										Cretaceous 3	113
		Barremian										Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian										Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian										Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian										Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Oteke	Puaroan			Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian						Oteke	Puaroan			Jurassic 5	149.2
								Kawhia	Ohauan				150
									Heterian				154.5
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan				164.3
		Bathonian										Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian										Jurassic 4	168.2
		Aalenian										Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Toarcian						Herangi	Ururoan				176
		Pliensbachian							Ururoan			Jurassic 2	184.2
		Pliensbachian							Aratauran			Jurassic 2	188.9
		Sinemurian										Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian										Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian			Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian							Warepan				208.5
									Otamitan				217
									Oretian				221
		Carnian							Oretian			Triassic 3	227
		Carnian						Gore	Kaihikuan			Triassic 3	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Kaihikuan			Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian							Etalian				238
		Anisian							Etalian				242
		Anisian							Malakovian				246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Malakovian			Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian							Nelsonian				249
		Induan	251.2						Nelsonian
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan	Melekhovian	Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian			253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian			Zechstein	254.14
				Puruhauan				254.2
				Puruhauan				Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Rotliegendes	Severodvinian			Aparima		Flettian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian		Urzhumian						Wordian	264.28
					Noginskian						264.9 *
									Barettian		266
		Roadian		Kazanian		Povolzhian		Roadian		Permian 3	266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian		Sokian		Roadian		Permian 3	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian		Leonardian		Cathedralian	Permian 2	273.01
						Irenian/Ufimian			Mangapirian			276
						Filipovian						276.5 *
					Pavlovoposadian	Filipovian						276.8 *
						Saraninian						280.1 *
						Saraninian				Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian	Autunian	Artinskian		Sarginian						283.5
						Sarginian			Telfordian			285
						Irginian						285.9 *
								Wolfcampian		Lenoxian		286.1 *
					Rusavkinian							287.6 *
						Burtsevian						287.8 *
						Burtsevian						288.5
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian						290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Tastubian						291.7 *
		Asselian		Bursumian †		Asselian				Shikhanian	Nealian	Permian 1	293.52
										Uskalykian			294.8
										Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian								Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian	Missourian								303.7
				Khamovnikian									304.8
				Krevyakinian									305.8 *
				Krevyakinian	Desmoinesian								305.9 *
		Moscovian		Myachkovian								Carboniferous 4	307
				Podolskian									308.9 *
				Kashirian									311.4 *
				Kashirian	Atokan								312.7 *
				Vereian									313.8
				Melekessian									314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian									315.2
				Cheremshanian									316.9 *
				Cheremshanian	Morrowan								318.4 *
				Prikamian									318.6 *
				Severokeltmian									319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian									321.2 *
				Voznesenian									321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian	Chesterian							Carboniferous 3	323.2
				Protvian									324.4 *
				Steshevian									326.8 *
				Tarusian									329 *
		Visean		Venevian								Carboniferous 2	330.9
				Mikhailovian									331.9 *
				Aleksinian									333.7 *
				Tulian	Meramecian								335.8 *
				Bobrikian	Meramecian								339.9 *
				Bobrikian	Osagean								343.1 *
				Radaevkian									343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Kosvian								Carboniferous 1	346.7
				Kizelian									350.7 *
				Cherepetian	Kinderhookian								351.9 *
				Karakubian									354.4 *
				Upinian									356.3 *
				Malevkian									357.6 *
				Gumerovian									358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian										Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian										Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian										Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian										Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian										Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian										Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian										Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Cambrian 5		485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Cambrian 4		497
		Drumian					Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan					Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509				Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1			529
													538.8