PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Salt Range	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Tertiary †									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian										Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan											251.2
		Induan								Kathwai			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian						Melekhovian	Kathwai			251.902
													252.4 *
										Chhidru			252.9 *
			Baoqingian										253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Longtanian †							Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
										Kalabagh			255 *
										Wargal			256 *
			Laibinian										257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan									Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian									Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
									Noginskian				264.9 *
													265.3 *
										Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian								Amb		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian										Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian										273.01
		Kungurian				Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
		Artinskian					283.5
			Longlinian				285.4 *
						Rusavkinian	287.6 *
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				293.52
		Asselian					Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †	298.9
									300.1
							Stephanian		Stephanian C		300.3 *
									Stephanian B		300.9 *
									Stephanian A		301.4 *
		Kasimovian				Dorogomilovian					303.7
						Khamovnikian					304.8
						Khamovnikian			Cantabrian		305 *
						Krevyakinian					305.8 *
						Krevyakinian					305.9
		Moscovian		Myachkovian		307
				Myachkovian		Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
				Podolskian			Westphalian D		308.9 *
				Podolskian			Westphalian C		309.8
				Kashirian					311.4 *
				Vereian					313.8
				Vereian			Westphalian B		314.6
				Melekessian					314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian					315.2
				Cheremshanian					316.9 *
				Cheremshanian			Westphalian A		317 *
				Prikamian			Westphalian A		318.6 *
				Prikamian		Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
				Severokeltmian			Yeadonian		319.9 *
				Severokeltmian			Marsdenian		320.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian			Marsdenian		321.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian			Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
				Voznesenian			Kinderscoutian		321.9 *
							Alportian		322 *
							Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian			Chokierian		323.2
				Zapaltjubian			Arnsbergian		324 *
				Protvian					324.4 *
				Steshevian					326.8 *
				Steshevian			Pendleian		327.4 *
				Tarusian			Pendleian		329 *
		Visean		Warnantian		Brigantian †	Venevian		330.9
							Mikhailovian		331.9 *
							Aleksinian		333.7 *
							Tulian		335.8 *
				Livian		Asbian †	Tulian		336.3 *
				Livian		Asbian †	Bobrikian		339.9 *
				Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Bobrikian		340.2 *
				Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Ivorian			Kosvian		346.7
							Kizelian		350.7 *
							Cherepetian		351.9 *
				Hastarian			Cherepetian		353.7 *
							Karakubian		354.4 *
					Upinian		356.3 *
					Malevkian		357.6 *
					Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †				497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †	504.5
													509