PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of the Salt Range	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of North America		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian														201.4
		Norian														208.5
		Carnian														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan														251.2
		Induan							Kathwai							251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian						Kathwai							251.902
																252.4 *
									Chhidru							252.9 *
			Baoqingian													253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Longtanian †										Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
									Kalabagh							255 *
									Wargal							256 *
										Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
			Laibinian								Vyatkian					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan								Severodvinian	Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian								Urzhumian	Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
																265.3 *
									Amb							266.1 *
		Roadian							Amb	Kazanian	Povolzhian	Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian	Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian							Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
						Filipovian	276.5 *
						Saraninian	280.1 *
						Saraninian	Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian		Sarginian		283.5
			Longlinian					Sarginian		285.4 *
								Irginian		285.9 *
							Wolfcampian	Irginian		Lenoxian	286.1 *
								Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian		Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian			Asselian		Shikhanian		Nealian	293.52
								Uskalykian			294.8
								Surenian			297.5
								Surenian			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										Mapingian †	298.9
													300.1
											Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
				Stephanian B									300.9 *
				Stephanian A									301.4 *
		Kasimovian		Stephanian A									303.7
				Cantabrian									305 *
													305.9
		Moscovian											307
				Westphalian							Westphalian D		307.4 *
											Westphalian C		309.8
											Westphalian B		314.6
		Bashkirian									Westphalian B		315.2
											Westphalian A		317 *
				Namurian							Yeadonian		318.8 *
											Marsdenian		320.2 *
											Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
											Alportian		322 *
											Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									Chokierian		323.2
											Arnsbergian		324 *
											Pendleian		327.4 *
		Visean		Warnantian							Brigantian †		330.9
				Livian							Asbian †		336.3 *
				Moliniacian							Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian		Ivorian									346.7
		Tournaisian		Hastarian									353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian											358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian											372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian											382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian											387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian											393.3
		Pragian											407.6
		Lochkovian											410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †				497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †				504.5
																509