PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian of Western Europe	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Tertiary †								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Vokhmian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							Vokhmian			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian								Melekhovian	251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian									253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Longtanian †				Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein		254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Laibinian		Longtanian †				Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan						Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Rotliegendes		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			264.28
		Wordian							Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		Noginskian	264.9 *
		Roadian							Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian									273.01
		Kungurian									Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
		Artinskian								Autunian		283.5
			Longlinian									285.4 *
											Rusavkinian	287.6 *
		Sakmarian										290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian									293.52
		Asselian					Kuzel					297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
						300.1
						Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
							Stephanian B	300.9 *
							Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian			303.7
								Khamovnikian			304.8
							Cantabrian	Khamovnikian			305 *
								Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian						Myachkovian			307
						Westphalian	Westphalian D	Myachkovian			307.4 *
							Westphalian D	Podolskian			308.9 *
							Westphalian C	Podolskian			309.8
								Kashirian			311.4 *
								Vereian			313.8
							Westphalian B	Vereian			314.6
								Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian						Melekessian			315.2
				Cheremshanian				316.9 *
				Cheremshanian			Westphalian A	317 *
				Prikamian			Westphalian A	318.6 *
				Prikamian		Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
				Severokeltmian			Yeadonian	319.9 *
				Severokeltmian			Marsdenian	320.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian			Marsdenian	321.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian			Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
				Voznesenian			Kinderscoutian	321.9 *
							Alportian	322 *
							Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian			Chokierian	323.2
				Zapaltjubian			Arnsbergian	324 *
				Protvian				324.4 *
				Steshevian				326.8 *
				Steshevian			Pendleian	327.4 *
				Tarusian			Pendleian	329 *
		Visean		Warnantian		Brigantian †	Venevian	330.9
							Mikhailovian	331.9 *
							Aleksinian	333.7 *
							Tulian	335.8 *
				Livian		Asbian †	Tulian	336.3 *
				Livian		Asbian †	Bobrikian	339.9 *
				Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Bobrikian	340.2 *
				Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Ivorian			Kosvian	346.7
							Kizelian	350.7 *
							Cherepetian	351.9 *
				Hastarian			Cherepetian	353.7 *
							Karakubian	354.4 *
							Upinian	356.3 *
							Malevkian	357.6 *
							Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		497
		Drumian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			504.5
												509