PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ten Million Year Bins	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Salt Range	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6					0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5					11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3					33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3					37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2					41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1					56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8					66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7					72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6					83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4					100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3					113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke	Puaroan	Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke	Puaroan	Jurassic 5					149.2
				Kawhia	Ohauan						150
					Heterian						154.5
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Callovian			Temaikan						164.3
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi	Ururoan						176
		Pliensbachian			Ururoan	Jurassic 2					184.2
		Pliensbachian			Aratauran	Jurassic 2					188.9
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian	Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian			Warepan						208.5
					Otamitan						217
					Oretian						221
		Carnian			Oretian	Triassic 3					227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan	Triassic 3					227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan	Triassic 2					237
		Ladinian			Etalian						238
		Anisian			Etalian						242
		Anisian			Malakovian						246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian	Triassic 1				Vokhmian	247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian						249
		Induan	251.2		Nelsonian
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan	Kathwai		251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Kathwai	Meishanian	Permian 4	Melekhovian		251.902
										252.4 *
					Chhidru					252.9 *
				Waiitian						253.2
						Baoqingian				253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
				Puruhauan						254.2
					Kalabagh					255 *
					Wargal					256 *
						Laibinian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Aparima		Flettian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
								Noginskian		264.9 *
										265.3 *
						Barettian				266
					Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian			Amb		Permian 3		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian					Permian 3		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian				Permian 2			273.01
						Mangapirian				276
								Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian								283.5
						Telfordian				285
			Longlinian							285.4 *
								Rusavkinian		287.6 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian				Carboniferous 5			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian									300.1
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian			303.7
								Khamovnikian			304.8
								Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4	Myachkovian		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
								Podolskian			308.9 *
								Kashirian			311.4 *
								Vereian			313.8
								Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian						Melekessian		Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
								Cheremshanian			316.9 *
								Prikamian			318.6 *
								Severokeltmian			319.9 *
								Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
								Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3	Zapaltjubian		Late Mississippian	323.2
								Protvian			324.4 *
								Steshevian			326.8 *
								Tarusian			329 *
		Visean					Carboniferous 2	Venevian		Middle Mississippian	330.9
								Mikhailovian			331.9 *
								Aleksinian			333.7 *
								Tulian			335.8 *
								Bobrikian			339.9 *
								Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1	Kosvian		Early Mississippian	346.7
								Kizelian			350.7 *
								Cherepetian			351.9 *
								Karakubian			354.4 *
								Upinian			356.3 *
								Malevkian			357.6 *
								Gumerovian			358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian					Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian					Devonian 1				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Silurian 2				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					Silurian 1				433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian					Ordovician 5				445.2
		Sandbian					Ordovician 4				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Ordovician 3				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					Ordovician 2				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470		Ordovician 2
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5		485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Cambrian 4		497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan			Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		509	Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3		Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian		Cambrian 1	529
											538.8