Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescalePermian of ChinaCarboniferous SubepochsPermian-Jurassic of New ZealandObsolete Names for ICS UnitsCarboniferous of ChinaTen Million Year BinsPermian of the Russian PlatformPermian of North AmericaPermian of the Salt RangeObsolete Carboniferous Ages of ChinaPermo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
QuaternaryHoloceneMeghalayanCenozoic 60
Northgrippian0.0042
Greenlandian0.0082
PleistoceneLate Pleistocene0.0117
Chibanian0.129
Calabrian0.774
Gelasian1.8
NeogenePliocenePiacenzianTertiary †2.58
Zanclean3.6
MioceneMessinian5.333
Tortonian7.246
SerravallianCenozoic 511.63
Langhian13.82
Burdigalian15.98
Aquitanian20.44
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianCenozoic 423.03
Rupelian27.82
EocenePriabonianCenozoic 333.9
Bartonian37.71
LutetianCenozoic 241.2
Ypresian47.8
PaleoceneThanetianCenozoic 156
Selandian59.2
Danian61.6
CretaceousLate CretaceousMaastrichtianCretaceous 866
CampanianCretaceous 772.1
SantonianCretaceous 683.6
Coniacian86.3
Turonian89.8
CenomanianCretaceous 593.9
Early CretaceousAlbianCretaceous 4100.5
AptianCretaceous 3113
BarremianCretaceous 2121.4
Hauterivian125.77
ValanginianCretaceous 1132.6
Berriasian139.8
JurassicLate JurassicTithonianOtekePuaroanJurassic 6145
KimmeridgianJurassic 5149.2
KawhiaOhauan150
Heterian154.5
Oxfordian154.8
Middle JurassicCallovian161.5
Temaikan164.3
BathonianJurassic 4165.3
Bajocian168.2
AalenianJurassic 3170.9
Early JurassicToarcian174.7
HerangiUruroan176
PliensbachianJurassic 2184.2
Aratauran188.9
SinemurianJurassic 1192.9
Hettangian199.5
TriassicLate TriassicRhaetianBalfourOtapirianTriassic 4201.4
NorianWarepan208.5
Otamitan217
Oretian221
CarnianTriassic 3227
GoreKaihikuan227.5
Middle TriassicLadinianTriassic 2237
Etalian238
Anisian242
Malakovian246
Early TriassicOlenekianTriassic 1Vokhmian247.2
Nelsonian249
Induan251.2
DUrvilleMakarewanKathwai251.5 *
PermianLopingianChanghsingianMeishanianPermian 4251.902
252.4 *
Chhidru252.9 *
Waiitian253.2
Baoqingian253.4 *
WuchiapingianLaoshanianLongtanian †Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian254.14
Puruhauan254.2
Kalabagh255 *
Wargal256 *
TatarianVyatkian256.8 *
Laibinian257.7 *
GuadalupianCapitanianLengwuanAparimaFlettianSeverodvinianCapitanianLate Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian259.51
WordianKuhfengianUrzhumianWordianLate Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian264.28
265.3 *
Barettian266
Amb266.1 *
RoadianPermian 3KazanianPovolzhianRoadianLate Kazanian/Early Kazanian266.9
Sokian270.7 *
CisuralianKungurianLuodianianPermian 2KungurianIrenian/UfimianLeonardianCathedralian273.01
Mangapirian276
Filipovian276.5 *
Saraninian280.1 *
Hessian281.9 *
ArtinskianArtinskianSarginian283.5
Telfordian285
Longlinian285.4 *
Irginian285.9 *
WolfcampianLenoxian286.1 *
Burtsevian287.8 *
288.5
SakmarianSakmarianSterlitamakian290.1
Tastubian291.7 *
AsselianZisongianPermian 1AsselianShikhanianNealian293.52
Uskalykian294.8
Surenian297.5
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianLate PennsylvanianCarboniferous 5Mapingian †298.9
Xiaodushanian300 *
300.1
Kasimovian303.7
Dalaun305.8 *
305.9
MoscovianMiddle PennsylvanianCarboniferous 4307
BashkirianEarly Pennsylvanian315.2
Huashibanian318.5 *
Lousuan321.2 *
MississippianSerpukhovianLate MississippianDewunianCarboniferous 3323.2
Shangsian330.8 *
ViseanMiddle MississippianCarboniferous 2330.9
Jiusian335 *
TournaisianEarly MississippianTangbagouanCarboniferous 1346.7
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianDevonian 5358.9
FrasnianDevonian 4372.2
Middle DevonianGivetianDevonian 3382.7
Eifelian387.7
Early DevonianEmsianDevonian 2393.3
PragianDevonian 1407.6
Lochkovian410.8
SilurianPridoliSilurian 2419.2
LudlowLudfordian423
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerian427.4
Sheinwoodian430.5
LlandoveryTelychianSilurian 1433.4
Aeronian438.5
Rhuddanian440.8
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianOrdovician 5443.8
Katian445.2
SandbianOrdovician 4453
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilianOrdovician 3458.4
DapingianOrdovician 2467.3
Early OrdovicianFloian470
TremadocianOrdovician 1477.7
CambrianFurongianStage 10Cambrian 5485.4
Jiangshanian489.5
Paibian494
MiaolingianGuzhangianSeries 3 †Cambrian 4497
Drumian500.5
WuliuanStage 5 †Cambrian 3504.5
Series 2Stage 4509
Stage 3Cambrian 2514
TerreneuvianStage 2521
FortunianCambrian 1529
538.8