PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carboniferous Subepochs	Carboniferous of North America	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						0
		Northgrippian						0.0042
		Greenlandian						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian						0.129
		Calabrian						0.774
		Gelasian						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian						5.333
		Tortonian						7.246
		Serravallian						11.63
		Langhian						13.82
		Burdigalian						15.98
		Aquitanian						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						33.9
		Bartonian						37.71
		Lutetian						41.2
		Ypresian						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						56
		Selandian						59.2
		Danian						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						66
		Campanian						72.1
		Santonian						83.6
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						100.5
		Aptian						113
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian					251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian					253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian				Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Laibinian				Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan				Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian				Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian	Kuhfengian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian					273.01
		Artinskian	Luodianian					283.5
		Artinskian	Longlinian					285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian	Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian	Late Pennsylvanian	Virgilian	Mapingian †		298.9
		Gzhelian			Virgilian			300.1
		Kasimovian			Missourian			303.7
		Kasimovian			Desmoinesian			305.9 *
		Moscovian		Middle Pennsylvanian	Desmoinesian			307
		Moscovian		Middle Pennsylvanian	Atokan			312.7 *
		Bashkirian		Early Pennsylvanian	Atokan			315.2
		Bashkirian		Early Pennsylvanian	Morrowan			318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Late Mississippian	Chesterian			323.2
		Visean		Middle Mississippian	Chesterian			330.9
					Meramecian			335.8 *
					Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian		Early Mississippian	Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian		Early Mississippian	Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
								419.2