PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of Western Europe	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian of the Russian Platform
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian											11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
		Bartonian											37.71
		Lutetian											41.2
		Ypresian											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
		Campanian											72.1
		Santonian											83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian											93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
		Aptian											113
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian											139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
		Kimmeridgian											149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Pliensbachian											184.2
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
		Norian											208.5
		Carnian											227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian				Dorashamian						251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian				Dorashamian						253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Zechstein		Dzhulfian		Longtanian †				254.14
			Laoshanian								Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
			Laibinian									Vyatkian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan		Rotliegendes		Midian					Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian				Midian					Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian					Murgabian					Urzhumian	266.2 *
		Roadian									Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian									Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Kubergandian		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
				Kubergandian			Filipovian			276.5 *
				Bolorian			Filipovian			279.8
							Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian			Autunian	Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
			Longlinian				Sarginian			285.4 *
							Irginian			285.9 *
				Yakhtashian			Irginian			286
				Yakhtashian			Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Asselian		Asselian	Shikhanian			293.52
							Uskalykian			294.8
							Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Late Pennsylvanian							298.9
											Xiaodushanian	300 *
												300.1
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Kasimovian									Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian		Middle Pennsylvanian								307
		Bashkirian		Early Pennsylvanian								315.2
											Huashibanian	318.5 *
											Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Late Mississippian							Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian		Late Mississippian				Shangsian			330.8 *
		Visean		Middle Mississippian				Shangsian			330.9
		Visean		Middle Mississippian				Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian		Early Mississippian				Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									443.8
		Katian									445.2
		Sandbian									453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian									467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian									477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										509
	Series 2	Stage 3										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
													538.8