PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Tertiary †					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian									251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian									253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian					Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
			Laoshanian		Tatarian	Vyatkian						256.8 *
			Laibinian			Vyatkian						257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan			Severodvinian					Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian			Urzhumian					Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Kazanian	Povolzhian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian	Sokian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian						273.01
						Filipovian						276.5 *
						Saraninian						280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian						283.5
			Longlinian			Sarginian						285.4 *
						Irginian						285.9 *
						Burtsevian						287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian						290.1
		Sakmarian		Tastubian	Sakmarian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
					Uskalykian	294.8
					Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Late Pennsylvanian					Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian		Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian		Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Late Mississippian						323.2
		Visean		Middle Mississippian						330.9
		Tournaisian		Early Mississippian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †			497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †		504.5
												509