PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carboniferous of North America	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of North America		Permian of the Salt Range	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5									11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3									33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3									37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2									41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1									56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8									66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7									72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4									100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1								Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan													251.2
		Induan										Kathwai			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian		Melekhovian	Permian 4						Kathwai			251.902
															252.4 *
												Chhidru			252.9 *
			Baoqingian												253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian											Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
												Kalabagh			255 *
												Wargal			256 *
								Tatarian	Vyatkian						256.8 *
			Laibinian						Vyatkian						257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Severodvinian			Capitanian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Urzhumian			Wordian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
					Noginskian					264.9 *
											265.3 *
										Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian		Permian 3		Kazanian	Povolzhian	Roadian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Amb	266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3		Kazanian	Sokian	Roadian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Permian 2		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
							Filipovian					276.5 *
					Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian					276.8 *
							Saraninian					280.1 *
							Saraninian		Hessian			281.9 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
			Longlinian				Sarginian					285.4 *
							Irginian					285.9 *
								Wolfcampian	Lenoxian			286.1 *
					Rusavkinian							287.6 *
							Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Bursumian †		Permian 1	Asselian		Shikhanian			Nealian	293.52
									Uskalykian				294.8
									Surenian				297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian		Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian							Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian		Virgilian											300.1
		Kasimovian		Missourian	Dorogomilovian										303.7
					Khamovnikian										304.8
					Krevyakinian										305.8 *
				Desmoinesian	Krevyakinian										305.9 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian	Carboniferous 4	Middle Pennsylvanian								307
					Podolskian										308.9 *
					Kashirian										311.4 *
				Atokan	Kashirian										312.7 *
					Vereian										313.8
					Melekessian										314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian		Early Pennsylvanian								315.2
					Cheremshanian										316.9 *
				Morrowan	Cheremshanian										318.4 *
					Prikamian										318.6 *
					Severokeltmian										319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian										321.2 *
					Voznesenian										321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Chesterian	Zapaltjubian	Carboniferous 3	Late Mississippian								323.2
					Protvian										324.4 *
					Steshevian										326.8 *
					Tarusian										329 *
		Visean			Venevian	Carboniferous 2	Middle Mississippian								330.9
					Mikhailovian										331.9 *
					Aleksinian										333.7 *
				Meramecian	Tulian										335.8 *
				Meramecian	Bobrikian										339.9 *
				Osagean	Bobrikian										343.1 *
					Radaevkian										343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Kosvian	Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian								346.7
					Kizelian										350.7 *
				Kinderhookian	Cherepetian										351.9 *
					Karakubian										354.4 *
					Upinian										356.3 *
					Malevkian										357.6 *
					Gumerovian										358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Devonian 5									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2									393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1									407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian													423
	Ludlow	Gorstian													425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1				433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ordovician 5				443.8
		Katian				Ordovician 5				445.2
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Cambrian 5				485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Cambrian 4				497
		Drumian				Cambrian 4				500.5
		Wuliuan				Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509			Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1			529
															538.8