PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6			0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5			11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3			33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3			37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2			41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1			56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8			66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7			72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6			83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4			100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3			113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2			121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2			125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian						Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian						Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian						Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian						Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian						Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian					Permian 4			251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian								253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian			Longtanian †					254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Laibinian			Longtanian †					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan						Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian						Wordian		264.28
		Roadian	Kuhfengian					Permian 3	Roadian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian					Permian 2	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian									283.5
			Longlinian	285.4 *
				Wolfcampian			Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian					Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				Permian 1	Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian	Mapingian †			Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian					Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian					Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean					Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian					Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian					Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian					Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5		485.4
		Jiangshanian					489.5
		Paibian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †		Cambrian 4			497
		Drumian					Cambrian 4			500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Cambrian 3			509
	Series 2	Stage 3					Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					Cambrian 1			529
											538.8