PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian Subages of Germany	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5				11.63
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian								15.98
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3				33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3				37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2				41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1				56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4				100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3				113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1		Vokhmian		247.2
		Induan								251.2
		Induan			Kathwai					251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian		Kathwai	Permian 4	Buntsandstein			251.902
										252.4 *
					Chhidru					252.9 *
			Baoqingian							253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian					Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		254.14
					Kalabagh					255 *
					Wargal					256 *
			Laibinian							257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan				Ohre/Aller	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Leine			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
								265.3 *
					Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian		Permian 3	Amb		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Permian 2				273.01
		Artinskian	Luodianian					283.5
		Artinskian	Longlinian					285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian					290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian	Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian	Mapingian †				Carboniferous 5	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4	Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian						Carboniferous 4	Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Carboniferous 3	Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean						Carboniferous 2	Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian						Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian						Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian						Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian						Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Cambrian 5		485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Cambrian 4		497
		Drumian						Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan						Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Cambrian 3		509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Cambrian 2		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Cambrian 2		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						Cambrian 1		529
										538.8