PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Carboniferous of China	Permian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Permian of Western Europe
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian									Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
											Kawhia	Ohauan		150
												Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Callovian										Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Toarcian									Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian										Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian										Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian										Warepan		208.5
												Otamitan		217
												Oretian		221
		Carnian										Oretian		227
		Carnian									Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian										Etalian		238
		Anisian										Etalian		242
		Anisian										Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Vokhmian		Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian										Nelsonian		249
		Induan										Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan									DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Melekhovian					Buntsandstein			Makarewan		251.902
			Meishanian									Waiitian		253.2
			Baoqingian											253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian							Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian			Zechstein	254.14
			Laoshanian									Puruhauan		254.2
			Laibinian									Puruhauan		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan				Capitanian		Ohre/Aller	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Aparima	Flettian	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian				Wordian		Leine	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian				264.28
				Noginskian										264.9 *
												Barettian		266
		Roadian					Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian				Leonardian	Cathedralian						273.01
												Mangapirian		276
				Pavlovoposadian										276.8 *
								Hessian						281.9 *
		Artinskian											Autunian	283.5
												Telfordian		285
			Longlinian											285.4 *
							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian						286.1 *
				Rusavkinian										287.6 *
														288.5
		Sakmarian												290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian					Nealian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Mapingian †									298.9
						Xiaodushanian								300 *
														300.1
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian										303.7
				Khamovnikian										304.8
				Krevyakinian		Dalaun								305.8 *
				Krevyakinian										305.9
		Moscovian		Myachkovian										307
				Podolskian										308.9 *
				Kashirian										311.4 *
				Vereian										313.8
				Melekessian										314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian										315.2
				Cheremshanian										316.9 *
				Cheremshanian		Huashibanian								318.5 *
				Prikamian										318.6 *
				Severokeltmian										319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian		Lousuan								321.2 *
				Voznesenian		Lousuan								321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian		Dewunian								323.2
				Protvian										324.4 *
				Steshevian										326.8 *
				Tarusian										329 *
				Tarusian		Shangsian								330.8 *
		Visean		Venevian										330.9
				Mikhailovian										331.9 *
				Aleksinian										333.7 *
				Aleksinian		Jiusian								335 *
				Tulian										335.8 *
				Bobrikian										339.9 *
				Radaevkian										343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Kosvian		Tangbagouan								346.7
				Kizelian										350.7 *
				Cherepetian										351.9 *
				Karakubian										354.4 *
				Upinian										356.3 *
				Malevkian										357.6 *
				Gumerovian										358 *
														358.9