PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian									Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan									Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Melekhovian					Dorashamian			251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian						Dorashamian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian						Dzhulfian		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
			Laoshanian				Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
			Laibinian					Vyatkian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan					Severodvinian	Midian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian					Urzhumian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
				Noginskian								264.9 *
									Murgabian			266.2 *
		Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian			Sokian	270.7 *	Kazanian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian		Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Kubergandian		273.01
						Filipovian			276.5 *
				Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
							Bolorian		279.8
						Saraninian			280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
			Longlinian			Sarginian			285.4 *
						Irginian			285.9 *
							Yakhtashian		286
				Rusavkinian					287.6 *
						Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	Sakmarian		290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian	Sakmarian		291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian		Asselian	Shikhanian	Asselian		293.52
						Uskalykian			294.8
						Surenian			297.5
						Surenian			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Mapingian †	298.9
											300.1
									Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian								303.7
				Khamovnikian								304.8
				Khamovnikian							Cantabrian	305 *
				Krevyakinian								305.8 *
				Krevyakinian								305.9
		Moscovian		Myachkovian								307
				Myachkovian					Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
				Podolskian							Westphalian D	308.9 *
				Podolskian							Westphalian C	309.8
				Kashirian								311.4 *
				Vereian								313.8
				Vereian							Westphalian B	314.6
				Melekessian								314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian								315.2
				Cheremshanian								316.9 *
				Cheremshanian							Westphalian A	317 *
				Prikamian							Westphalian A	318.6 *
				Prikamian					Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
				Severokeltmian							Yeadonian	319.9 *
				Severokeltmian							Marsdenian	320.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian							Marsdenian	321.2 *
				Krasnopolyanian							Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
				Voznesenian							Kinderscoutian	321.9 *
											Alportian	322 *
											Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian							Chokierian	323.2
				Zapaltjubian							Arnsbergian	324 *
				Protvian								324.4 *
				Steshevian								326.8 *
				Steshevian							Pendleian	327.4 *
				Tarusian							Pendleian	329 *
		Visean		Venevian					Warnantian		Brigantian †	330.9
				Mikhailovian								331.9 *
				Aleksinian								333.7 *
				Tulian								335.8 *
				Tulian					Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
				Bobrikian					Livian		Asbian †	339.9 *
				Bobrikian					Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
				Radaevkian					Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Kosvian					Ivorian			346.7
				Kizelian								350.7 *
				Cherepetian								351.9 *
				Cherepetian				Hastarian	353.7 *
				Karakubian					354.4 *
				Upinian					356.3 *
				Malevkian					357.6 *
				Gumerovian					358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
												419.2