PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of North America		Carboniferous of China	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of the Salt Range	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan							Cenozoic 6						0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian							Cenozoic 5						11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian							Cenozoic 4						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian							Cenozoic 4						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian							Cenozoic 3						33.9
		Bartonian							Cenozoic 3						37.71
		Lutetian							Cenozoic 2						41.2
		Ypresian							Cenozoic 2						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian							Cenozoic 1						56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian							Cretaceous 8						66
		Campanian							Cretaceous 7						72.1
		Santonian							Cretaceous 6						83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian							Cretaceous 5						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian							Cretaceous 4						100.5
		Aptian							Cretaceous 3						113
		Barremian							Cretaceous 2						121.4
		Hauterivian							Cretaceous 2						125.77
		Valanginian							Cretaceous 1						132.6
		Berriasian							Cretaceous 1						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian							Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian							Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian							Jurassic 4						168.2
		Aalenian							Jurassic 3						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Jurassic 3						174.7
		Pliensbachian							Jurassic 2						184.2
		Sinemurian							Jurassic 1						192.9
		Hettangian							Jurassic 1						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Triassic 4						201.4
		Norian							Triassic 4						208.5
		Carnian							Triassic 3						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Triassic 2						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian							Triassic 2						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Triassic 1					Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan													251.2
		Induan										Kathwai			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Melekhovian	Dorashamian				Permian 4			Kathwai			251.902
															252.4 *
												Chhidru			252.9 *
			Baoqingian												253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Dzhulfian									Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
												Kalabagh			255 *
												Wargal			256 *
										Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
			Laibinian								Vyatkian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan		Midian	Capitanian	Severodvinian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian			259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian			Wordian	Urzhumian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			264.28
				Noginskian							264.9 *
												265.3 *
											Amb	266.1 *
					Murgabian							266.2 *
		Roadian				Roadian	Permian 3	Kazanian	Povolzhian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
		Roadian				Roadian	Permian 3	Kazanian	Sokian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian		Kubergandian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	Permian 2	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			273.01
										Filipovian			276.5 *
				Pavlovoposadian									276.8 *
					Bolorian								279.8
										Saraninian			280.1 *
							Hessian			Saraninian			281.9 *
		Artinskian							Artinskian	Sarginian			283.5
			Longlinian							Sarginian			285.4 *
										Irginian			285.9 *
					Yakhtashian								286
						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian						286.1 *
				Rusavkinian									287.6 *
										Burtsevian			287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian			290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian			291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian		Asselian		Nealian	Permian 1	Asselian	Shikhanian			293.52
										Uskalykian			294.8
										Surenian			297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Carboniferous 5					Mapingian †	298.9
														Xiaodushanian	300 *
															300.1
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian											303.7
				Khamovnikian											304.8
				Krevyakinian										Dalaun	305.8 *
				Krevyakinian											305.9
		Moscovian		Myachkovian				Carboniferous 4							307
				Podolskian											308.9 *
				Kashirian											311.4 *
				Vereian											313.8
				Melekessian											314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian											315.2
				Cheremshanian											316.9 *
				Cheremshanian										Huashibanian	318.5 *
				Prikamian											318.6 *
				Severokeltmian											319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian										Lousuan	321.2 *
				Voznesenian										Lousuan	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Zapaltjubian				Dewunian						Carboniferous 3	323.2
				Protvian											324.4 *
				Steshevian											326.8 *
				Tarusian											329 *
				Tarusian				Shangsian							330.8 *
		Visean		Venevian										Carboniferous 2	330.9
				Mikhailovian											331.9 *
				Aleksinian											333.7 *
				Aleksinian				Jiusian							335 *
				Tulian											335.8 *
				Bobrikian											339.9 *
				Radaevkian											343.4 *
		Tournaisian		Kosvian				Tangbagouan						Carboniferous 1	346.7
				Kizelian											350.7 *
				Cherepetian											351.9 *
				Karakubian											354.4 *
				Upinian											356.3 *
				Malevkian											357.6 *
				Gumerovian											358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian												Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian												Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian												Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian												Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian												Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian												Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian												Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian									Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian									Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian									Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian									Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian			500.5						Cambrian 4
		Wuliuan			Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509		Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1		529
															538.8