PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Permian of the Pamirs	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of Western Europe	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan										0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan					145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan					149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan					150
							Heterian					154.5
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan					164.3
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan					176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan					184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran					188.9
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian					201.4
		Norian					Warepan					208.5
							Otamitan					217
							Oretian					221
		Carnian					Oretian					227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan					227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan					237
		Ladinian					Etalian					238
		Anisian					Etalian					242
		Anisian					Malakovian					246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian				Vokhmian	247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian					249
		Induan	251.2				Nelsonian
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan	Meishanian	Dorashamian	Buntsandstein		251.902
				Waiitian	Meishanian				253.2
					Baoqingian				253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Laoshanian	Dzhulfian		Zechstein	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
				Puruhauan	Laoshanian					254.2
				Puruhauan	Laibinian					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian	Midian	Ohre/Aller	Rotliegendes	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Wordian		Flettian		Leine		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
						Barettian					266
							Murgabian				266.2 *
		Roadian		Roadian			Murgabian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Leonardian			Cathedralian			Kubergandian		273.01
						Mangapirian				Kubergandian		276
										Bolorian		279.8
							Hessian					281.9 *
		Artinskian							Autunian			283.5
						Telfordian						285
			Longlinian									285.4 *
										Yakhtashian		286
				Wolfcampian			Lenoxian					286.1 *
												288.5
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				Nealian			Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian									298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
												419.2