PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of North America		Permian of the Salt Range	Carboniferous of China	Permian of Western Europe	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Ten Million Year Bins	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan								Cenozoic 6		0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian								Cenozoic 5		11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian								Cenozoic 4		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian								Cenozoic 4		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								Cenozoic 3		33.9
		Bartonian								Cenozoic 3		37.71
		Lutetian								Cenozoic 2		41.2
		Ypresian								Cenozoic 2		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Cenozoic 1		56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Cretaceous 8		66
		Campanian								Cretaceous 7		72.1
		Santonian								Cretaceous 6		83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian								Cretaceous 5		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Cretaceous 4		100.5
		Aptian								Cretaceous 3		113
		Barremian								Cretaceous 2		121.4
		Hauterivian								Cretaceous 2		125.77
		Valanginian								Cretaceous 1		132.6
		Berriasian								Cretaceous 1		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Jurassic 6		145
		Kimmeridgian								Jurassic 5		149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian								Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian								Jurassic 4		168.2
		Aalenian								Jurassic 3		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Jurassic 3		174.7
		Pliensbachian								Jurassic 2		184.2
		Sinemurian								Jurassic 1		192.9
		Hettangian								Jurassic 1		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Triassic 4		201.4
		Norian								Triassic 4		208.5
		Carnian								Triassic 3		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Triassic 2		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian								Triassic 2		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Triassic 1		247.2
		Induan										251.2
		Induan				Kathwai						251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian			Kathwai			Melekhovian	Permian 4		251.902
												252.4 *
						Chhidru						252.9 *
			Baoqingian									253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian					Zechstein				254.14
						Kalabagh						255 *
						Wargal						256 *
			Laibinian									257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Capitanian				Rotliegendes				259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Wordian	264.28
					Noginskian		264.9 *
							265.3 *
						Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian		Roadian		Amb	Permian 3		266.9
		Roadian		Roadian			Permian 3		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Leonardian			Cathedralian		Permian 2	273.01
					Pavlovoposadian		Cathedralian			276.8 *
							Hessian			281.9 *
		Artinskian						Autunian		283.5
			Longlinian							285.4 *
				Wolfcampian			Lenoxian			286.1 *
					Rusavkinian					287.6 *
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				Nealian		Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Carboniferous 5	Mapingian †	298.9
											Xiaodushanian	300 *
												300.1
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian							303.7
					Khamovnikian							304.8
					Dalaun						Krevyakinian	305.8 *
											Krevyakinian	305.9
		Moscovian							Myachkovian		Carboniferous 4	307
									Podolskian			308.9 *
									Kashirian			311.4 *
									Vereian			313.8
									Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian							Melekessian			315.2
									Cheremshanian			316.9 *
					Huashibanian				Cheremshanian			318.5 *
									Prikamian			318.6 *
									Severokeltmian			319.9 *
					Lousuan				Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
					Lousuan				Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Dewunian				Zapaltjubian		Carboniferous 3	323.2
									Protvian			324.4 *
									Steshevian			326.8 *
									Tarusian			329 *
					Shangsian				Tarusian			330.8 *
		Visean							Venevian		Carboniferous 2	330.9
									Mikhailovian			331.9 *
									Aleksinian			333.7 *
					Jiusian				Aleksinian			335 *
									Tulian			335.8 *
									Bobrikian			339.9 *
									Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Tangbagouan				Kosvian		Carboniferous 1	346.7
									Kizelian			350.7 *
									Cherepetian			351.9 *
									Karakubian			354.4 *
									Upinian			356.3 *
									Malevkian			357.6 *
									Gumerovian			358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian									Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian									Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian				445.2					Ordovician 5
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Cambrian 4					497
		Drumian		500.5		Cambrian 4
		Wuliuan		Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509	Cambrian 3
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
												538.8