PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Carboniferous of North America	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian									208.5
		Carnian									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian				247.2
		Induan									251.2
		Induan		Kathwai							251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Kathwai							251.902
											252.4 *
				Chhidru							252.9 *
			Baoqingian								253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian				Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian			Zechstein	254.14
				Kalabagh							255 *
				Wargal							256 *
								Tatarian	Vyatkian		256.8 *
			Laibinian						Vyatkian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Severodvinian	Rotliegendes		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Urzhumian			264.28
									265.3 *
				Amb					266.1 *
		Roadian		Amb	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Kazanian		Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Kazanian		Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian			Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
								Filipovian	276.5 *
								Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian	Autunian	283.5
			Longlinian				Sarginian		285.4 *
							Irginian		285.9 *
							Burtsevian		287.8 *
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian			Bursumian †	Asselian		Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Virgilian	Late Pennsylvanian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Virgilian					300.1
		Kasimovian				Missourian					303.7
		Kasimovian				Desmoinesian					305.9 *
		Moscovian				Desmoinesian	Middle Pennsylvanian				307
		Moscovian				Atokan	Middle Pennsylvanian				312.7 *
		Bashkirian				Atokan	Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
		Bashkirian				Morrowan	Early Pennsylvanian				318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chesterian	Late Mississippian				323.2
		Visean				Chesterian	Middle Mississippian				330.9
						Meramecian					335.8 *
						Osagean					343.1 *
		Tournaisian				Osagean	Early Mississippian				346.7
		Tournaisian				Kinderhookian	Early Mississippian				351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
											419.2