PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian Subages of Germany	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of the Salt Range	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6			0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Calabrian							0.774
		Gelasian							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							5.333
		Tortonian							7.246
		Serravallian				Cenozoic 5			11.63
		Langhian							13.82
		Burdigalian							15.98
		Aquitanian							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3			33.9
		Bartonian				Cenozoic 3			37.71
		Lutetian				Cenozoic 2			41.2
		Ypresian				Cenozoic 2			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1			56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8			66
		Campanian				Cretaceous 7			72.1
		Santonian				Cretaceous 6			83.6
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4			100.5
		Aptian				Cretaceous 3			113
		Barremian				Cretaceous 2			121.4
		Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2			125.77
		Valanginian				Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian				Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian				Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian				Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian				Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian				Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian				Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian				Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian				Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1		Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan							251.2
		Induan					Kathwai		251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Buntsandstein		Permian 4	Kathwai		251.902
									252.4 *
							Chhidru		252.9 *
			Baoqingian						253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian					Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
							Kalabagh		255 *
							Wargal		256 *
			Laibinian						257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Ohre/Aller				Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Leine	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			264.28
								265.3 *
							Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian			Permian 3	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Amb	266.9
		Roadian			Permian 3	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian		Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian	Luodianian					283.5
		Artinskian	Longlinian					285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian					290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian		Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian		Mapingian †			Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Gzhelian							300.1
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Kasimovian							305.9
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian						Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean						Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian						Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian						Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian						Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian						Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian						Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan						Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						Cambrian 1	529
									538.8