PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of Western Europe	Permian of North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Oteke	Puaroan				145
		Kimmeridgian						Oteke	Puaroan				149.2
								Kawhia	Ohauan				150
									Heterian				154.5
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan				164.3
		Bathonian											165.3
		Bajocian											168.2
		Aalenian											170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
		Toarcian						Herangi	Ururoan				176
		Pliensbachian							Ururoan				184.2
		Pliensbachian							Aratauran				188.9
		Sinemurian											192.9
		Hettangian											199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian				201.4
		Norian							Warepan				208.5
									Otamitan				217
									Oretian				221
		Carnian							Oretian				227
		Carnian						Gore	Kaihikuan				227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Kaihikuan				237
		Ladinian							Etalian				238
		Anisian							Etalian				242
		Anisian							Malakovian				246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							Malakovian				247.2
		Olenekian							Nelsonian				249
		Induan							Nelsonian				251.2
		Induan						DUrville	Makarewan				251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Buntsandstein					Makarewan	Melekhovian			251.902
			Meishanian						Waiitian				253.2
			Baoqingian										253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian		Zechstein								254.14
									Puruhauan				254.2
											Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
			Laibinian									Vyatkian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Ohre/Aller	Rotliegendes	Capitanian		Aparima	Flettian			Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Leine		Wordian						Urzhumian	264.28
										Noginskian			264.9 *
									Barettian				266
		Roadian				Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian				Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian			Leonardian	Cathedralian				Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
									Mangapirian			Irenian/Ufimian	276
												Filipovian	276.5 *
										Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian	276.8 *
												Saraninian	280.1 *
							Hessian					Saraninian	281.9 *
		Artinskian			Autunian						Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
									Telfordian				285
			Longlinian										285.4 *
												Irginian	285.9 *
						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian						286.1 *
										Rusavkinian			287.6 *
												Burtsevian	287.8 *
												Burtsevian	288.5
		Sakmarian									Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian									Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian				Nealian				Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
												Uskalykian	294.8
												Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
		Gzhelian											300.1
		Kasimovian								Dorogomilovian			303.7
										Khamovnikian			304.8
										Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian								Myachkovian			307
										Podolskian			308.9 *
										Kashirian			311.4 *
										Vereian			313.8
										Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian								Melekessian			315.2
										Cheremshanian			316.9 *
										Prikamian			318.6 *
										Severokeltmian			319.9 *
										Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
										Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								Zapaltjubian			323.2
										Protvian			324.4 *
										Steshevian			326.8 *
										Tarusian			329 *
		Visean								Venevian			330.9
										Mikhailovian			331.9 *
										Aleksinian			333.7 *
										Tulian			335.8 *
										Bobrikian			339.9 *
										Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian								Kosvian			346.7
										Kizelian			350.7 *
										Cherepetian			351.9 *
										Karakubian			354.4 *
										Upinian			356.3 *
										Malevkian			357.6 *
										Gumerovian			358 *
													358.9