PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian										11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
		Bartonian										37.71
		Lutetian										41.2
		Ypresian										47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
		Campanian										72.1
		Santonian										83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
		Aptian										113
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
		Kimmeridgian										149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian										165.3
		Bajocian										168.2
		Aalenian										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
		Pliensbachian										184.2
		Sinemurian										192.9
		Hettangian										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
		Norian										208.5
		Carnian										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian								247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian								251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian						Melekhovian			251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian									253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		Longtanian †						254.14
			Laoshanian							Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
			Laibinian								Vyatkian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian							Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian							Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian					Noginskian		Urzhumian	264.9 *
		Roadian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian						Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian						Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian							Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
											Filipovian	276.5 *
									Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian	276.8 *
											Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian								Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
			Longlinian								Sarginian	285.4 *
											Irginian	285.9 *
							Rusavkinian	287.6 *			Irginian
								Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian					Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †			298.9
		Gzhelian									300.1
		Kasimovian					Dorogomilovian				303.7
							Khamovnikian				304.8
							Krevyakinian				305.8 *
							Krevyakinian				305.9
		Moscovian					Myachkovian				307
							Podolskian				308.9 *
							Kashirian				311.4 *
							Vereian				313.8
					Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian		315.2
					Cheremshanian		316.9 *
					Prikamian		318.6 *
					Severokeltmian		319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
					Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Zapaltjubian		323.2
					Protvian		324.4 *
					Steshevian		326.8 *
					Tarusian		329 *
		Visean			Venevian		330.9
					Mikhailovian		331.9 *
					Aleksinian		333.7 *
					Tulian		335.8 *
					Bobrikian		339.9 *
					Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian			Kosvian		346.7
					Kizelian		350.7 *
					Cherepetian		351.9 *
					Karakubian		354.4 *
					Upinian		356.3 *
					Malevkian		357.6 *
					Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	504.5
												509