PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous Subepochs	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian									Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian									Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian									Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian									Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian									Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian									Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian									Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									Cretaceous 4	100.5
		Aptian									Cretaceous 3	113
		Barremian									Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian									Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian									Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian									Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian									Jurassic 5	149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian									Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian									Jurassic 4	168.2
		Aalenian									Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Jurassic 3	174.7
		Pliensbachian									Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian									Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian									Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian									Triassic 4	208.5
		Carnian									Triassic 3	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian									Triassic 2	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian									Triassic 2	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian							Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Vokhmian							Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian							Dorashamian	Permian 4	251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian							Dorashamian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		Longtanian †				Dzhulfian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Laibinian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		Longtanian †				Dzhulfian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian						Midian		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian						Midian		264.28
		Wordian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian						Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian						Murgabian	Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian							Kubergandian	Permian 2	273.01
		Kungurian								Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian					283.5
			Longlinian				285.4 *
							Yakhtashian	286
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian				Asselian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian		Carboniferous 5	298.9
										Xiaodushanian	300 *
											300.1
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Kasimovian								Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian		Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
										Huashibanian	318.5 *
										Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian		Dewunian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian		Shangsian	Carboniferous 3	330.8 *
		Visean					Middle Mississippian		Shangsian	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Visean					Middle Mississippian		Jiusian	Carboniferous 2	335 *
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian		Tangbagouan	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5					443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5					445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †					Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian								Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †				Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3								Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								Cambrian 1	529
												538.8