PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian Subages of Germany	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Carboniferous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Cenozoic 6					0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Serravallian			Cenozoic 5					11.63
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian								15.98
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian			Cenozoic 4					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian			Cenozoic 4					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian			Cenozoic 3					33.9
		Bartonian			Cenozoic 3					37.71
		Lutetian			Cenozoic 2					41.2
		Ypresian			Cenozoic 2					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian			Cenozoic 1					56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Cretaceous 8					66
		Campanian			Cretaceous 7					72.1
		Santonian			Cretaceous 6					83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian			Cretaceous 5					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Cretaceous 4					100.5
		Aptian			Cretaceous 3					113
		Barremian			Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian			Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian			Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian			Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian			Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian			Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian			Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian			Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian			Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian			Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian			Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Vokhmian	Triassic 1					247.2
		Induan								251.2
		Induan						Kathwai		251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian		Permian 4	Buntsandstein		Kathwai		251.902
										252.4 *
								Chhidru		252.9 *
			Baoqingian							253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian						254.14
								Kalabagh		255 *
								Wargal		256 *
			Laibinian							257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		Ohre/Aller				259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		Leine	264.28
								265.3 *
							Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Permian 3		Amb	266.9
		Roadian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Permian 3			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian		Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian	Luodianian					283.5
		Artinskian	Longlinian					285.4 *
		Sakmarian	Longlinian					290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian		Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian		Carboniferous 5			Mapingian †	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4				Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian			Carboniferous 4				Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3				Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2				Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1				Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2					393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5					443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5					445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Cambrian 4					497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan			Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Cambrian 3					509
	Series 2	Stage 3			Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian			Cambrian 1					529
										538.8