PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian Subages of Germany	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Carboniferous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian									11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
		Bartonian									37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Ypresian									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian						Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
								Kawhia	Ohauan		150
									Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Callovian							Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Toarcian						Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian							Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian							Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian							Warepan		208.5
									Otamitan		217
									Oretian		221
		Carnian							Oretian		227
		Carnian						Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian							Etalian		238
		Anisian							Etalian		242
		Anisian							Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian		Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian							Nelsonian		249
		Induan	251.2						Nelsonian
		Induan	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan	Meishanian	Dorashamian	Melekhovian	Buntsandstein		251.902
				Waiitian	Meishanian					253.2
					Baoqingian					253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian			Laoshanian	Dzhulfian			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
				Puruhauan	Laoshanian					254.2
				Puruhauan	Laibinian					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Midian	Ohre/Aller	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian		Leine	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian				264.28
							Noginskian			264.9 *
									Barettian	266
				Murgabian						266.2 *
		Roadian		Murgabian		Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Kubergandian						273.01
									Mangapirian	276
							Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
				Bolorian						279.8
		Artinskian								283.5
									Telfordian	285
			Longlinian							285.4 *
				Yakhtashian						286
							Rusavkinian			287.6 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian	Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Zisongian							Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian									300.1
		Kasimovian					Dorogomilovian				303.7
							Khamovnikian				304.8
							Krevyakinian				305.8 *
		Moscovian					Myachkovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
							Podolskian				308.9 *
							Kashirian				311.4 *
							Vereian				313.8
							Melekessian				314.8
		Bashkirian					Melekessian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
							Cheremshanian				316.9 *
							Prikamian				318.6 *
							Severokeltmian				319.9 *
							Krasnopolyanian				321.2 *
							Voznesenian				321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Zapaltjubian			Late Mississippian	323.2
							Protvian				324.4 *
							Steshevian				326.8 *
							Tarusian				329 *
		Visean					Venevian			Middle Mississippian	330.9
							Mikhailovian				331.9 *
							Aleksinian				333.7 *
							Tulian				335.8 *
							Bobrikian				339.9 *
							Radaevkian				343.4 *
		Tournaisian					Kosvian			Early Mississippian	346.7
							Kizelian				350.7 *
							Cherepetian				351.9 *
							Karakubian				354.4 *
							Upinian				356.3 *
							Malevkian				357.6 *
							Gumerovian				358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
											419.2