PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units		Ten Million Year Bins	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Tertiary †						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5				11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3				33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3				37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2				41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1				56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4				100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3				113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian						Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian						Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian						Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian						Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian						Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian					Permian 4	Melekhovian		Buntsandstein	251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian									253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian				Longtanian †					254.14
			Laoshanian	Tatarian	Vyatkian							256.8 *
			Laibinian		Vyatkian							257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan		Severodvinian						Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian		Urzhumian						Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Urzhumian				Noginskian		Leine	264.9 *
		Roadian		Kazanian	Povolzhian			Permian 3				266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian	Sokian			Permian 3				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian			Permian 2		273.01
					Filipovian					276.5 *
					Filipovian				Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
					Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
			Longlinian		Sarginian					285.4 *
					Irginian					285.9 *
					Irginian				Rusavkinian	287.6 *
					Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Asselian	Shikhanian			Permian 1		293.52
					Uskalykian					294.8
					Surenian					297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian							Dorogomilovian			303.7
									Khamovnikian			304.8
									Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian						Carboniferous 4	Myachkovian	Middle Pennsylvanian		307
									Podolskian			308.9 *
									Kashirian			311.4 *
									Vereian			313.8
									Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian			Melekessian	315.2
									Cheremshanian	316.9 *
									Prikamian	318.6 *
									Severokeltmian	319.9 *
									Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
									Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Carboniferous 3		Zapaltjubian	Late Mississippian	323.2
								Protvian		324.4 *
								Steshevian		326.8 *
								Tarusian		329 *
		Visean				Carboniferous 2		Venevian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
								Mikhailovian		331.9 *
								Aleksinian		333.7 *
								Tulian		335.8 *
								Bobrikian		339.9 *
								Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian				Carboniferous 1		Kosvian	Early Mississippian	346.7
								Kizelian		350.7 *
								Cherepetian		351.9 *
								Karakubian		354.4 *
								Upinian		356.3 *
								Malevkian		357.6 *
								Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1				410.8
												419.2