PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of Western Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of North America		Permian of the Salt Range	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6						0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Calabrian												0.774
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5						11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3						33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3						37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2						41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1						56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Cretaceous 8						66
		Campanian						Cretaceous 7						72.1
		Santonian						Cretaceous 6						83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian						Cretaceous 5						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Cretaceous 4						100.5
		Aptian						Cretaceous 3						113
		Barremian						Cretaceous 2						121.4
		Hauterivian						Cretaceous 2						125.77
		Valanginian						Cretaceous 1						132.6
		Berriasian						Cretaceous 1						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian						Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian						Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian						Jurassic 4						168.2
		Aalenian						Jurassic 3						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Jurassic 3						174.7
		Pliensbachian						Jurassic 2						184.2
		Sinemurian						Jurassic 1						192.9
		Hettangian						Jurassic 1						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4						201.4
		Norian						Triassic 4						208.5
		Carnian						Triassic 3						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Triassic 2						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						Triassic 2						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Triassic 1					Vokhmian	247.2
		Induan												251.2
		Induan									Kathwai			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian					Permian 4			Kathwai			251.902
														252.4 *
											Chhidru			252.9 *
			Baoqingian											253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian			Zechstein							Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
											Kalabagh			255 *
											Wargal			256 *
				Tatarian	Vyatkian									256.8 *
			Laibinian		Vyatkian									257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan		Severodvinian	Rotliegendes	Capitanian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian		Urzhumian		Wordian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
											265.3 *
										Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian		Kazanian	Povolzhian		Permian 3	Roadian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	Amb	266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian	Sokian		Permian 3	Roadian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian		Permian 2	Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
					Filipovian							276.5 *
					Saraninian							280.1 *
					Saraninian				Hessian			281.9 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian	Sarginian	Autunian						283.5
			Longlinian		Sarginian							285.4 *
					Irginian							285.9 *
					Irginian			Wolfcampian	Lenoxian			286.1 *
					Burtsevian							287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian							290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	Tastubian							291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Asselian	Shikhanian		Permian 1		Nealian			293.52
					Uskalykian							294.8
					Surenian							297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	Carboniferous 5					Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian												300.1
		Kasimovian												303.7
		Kasimovian												305.9
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian	Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean					Middle Mississippian	Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian	Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Devonian 5						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Devonian 4						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Devonian 3						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Devonian 3						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Devonian 2						393.3
		Pragian						Devonian 1						407.6
		Lochkovian						Devonian 1						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Silurian 2						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
	Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian												427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian												430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						Silurian 1						433.4
		Aeronian												438.5
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ordovician 5						443.8
		Katian						Ordovician 5						445.2
		Sandbian						Ordovician 4						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Ordovician 3						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						Ordovician 2						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ordovician 2						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Ordovician 1						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Cambrian 5						485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Cambrian 4						497
		Drumian						Cambrian 4						500.5
		Wuliuan						Cambrian 3						504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Cambrian 3						509
	Series 2	Stage 3						Cambrian 2						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Cambrian 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						Cambrian 1						529
														538.8