PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Carboniferous of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Cenozoic 6					0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Calabrian							0.774
		Gelasian							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							5.333
		Tortonian							7.246
		Serravallian		Cenozoic 5					11.63
		Langhian							13.82
		Burdigalian							15.98
		Aquitanian							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Cenozoic 4					23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian		Cenozoic 4					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian		Cenozoic 3					33.9
		Bartonian		Cenozoic 3					37.71
		Lutetian		Cenozoic 2					41.2
		Ypresian		Cenozoic 2					47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Cenozoic 1					56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8					66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7					72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6					83.6
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5					93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4					100.5
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3					113
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6	Oteke	Puaroan			145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5	Oteke	Puaroan			149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan			150
						Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan			176
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		Ururoan			184.2
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2		Aratauran			188.9
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4	Balfour	Otapirian			201.4
		Norian				Warepan			208.5
						Otamitan			217
						Oretian			221
		Carnian		Triassic 3		Oretian			227
		Carnian		Triassic 3	Gore	Kaihikuan			227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2		Kaihikuan			237
		Ladinian				Etalian			238
		Anisian				Etalian			242
		Anisian				Malakovian			246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1		Malakovian			247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian			249
		Induan	251.2			Nelsonian
		Induan	DUrville		Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian	Makarewan	Permian 4	251.902
				Meishanian	Waiitian		253.2
				Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Laoshanian			254.14
				Laoshanian	Puruhauan		254.2
				Laibinian	Puruhauan		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan	Aparima	Flettian		259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian		Flettian		264.28
		Wordian			Barettian		266
		Roadian				Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian			Permian 2	273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian		283.5
					Telfordian		285
			Longlinian		Telfordian		285.4 *
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Zisongian			Permian 1	293.52
		Asselian				Permian 1	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Carboniferous 5		298.9
								300.1
							Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
								Stephanian B	300.9 *
								Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian						Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian						Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian				Carboniferous 4		Cantabrian	307
							Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
								Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian						Westphalian B	315.2
								Westphalian A	317 *
							Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
								Marsdenian	320.2 *
								Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
								Alportian	322 *
								Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Carboniferous 3		Chokierian	323.2
								Arnsbergian	324 *
								Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean				Carboniferous 2	Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
							Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
							Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian				Carboniferous 1	Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian				Carboniferous 1	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian				Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian				Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Ordovician 5			443.8
		Katian				Ordovician 5			445.2
		Sandbian				Ordovician 4			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Ordovician 3			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				Ordovician 2			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ordovician 2			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Cambrian 5			485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Cambrian 4			497
		Drumian				Cambrian 4			500.5
		Wuliuan				Cambrian 3			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Cambrian 3			509
	Series 2	Stage 3				Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				Cambrian 1			529
									538.8