PBDB Timescale

Permian of China

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 16 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 42 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of China	Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of the Russian Platform		Carboniferous of Western Europe	Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian		Cenozoic 5							11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		Cenozoic 4							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian		Cenozoic 4							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian		Cenozoic 3							33.9
		Bartonian		Cenozoic 3							37.71
		Lutetian		Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian		Cenozoic 2							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian		Cenozoic 1							56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian		Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian		Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian		Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian		Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian		Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian		Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian		Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian		Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian		Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Jurassic 3							174.7
		Pliensbachian		Jurassic 2							184.2
		Sinemurian		Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian		Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian		Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian		Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Triassic 1						Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		Triassic 1						Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Meishanian	Permian 4				Dorashamian			251.902
		Changhsingian	Baoqingian					Dorashamian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian	Laoshanian					Dzhulfian		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
			Laoshanian		Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
			Laibinian			Vyatkian					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Lengwuan			Severodvinian		Midian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian	Kuhfengian			Urzhumian		Midian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian				Urzhumian		Murgabian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266.2 *
		Roadian		Permian 3	Kazanian	Povolzhian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian		Permian 3	Kazanian	Sokian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Luodianian	Permian 2	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Kubergandian	273.01
						Filipovian	Kubergandian	276.5 *
						Filipovian	Bolorian	279.8
						Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
			Longlinian			Sarginian		285.4 *
						Irginian		285.9 *
						Irginian	Yakhtashian	286
						Burtsevian	Yakhtashian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	Sakmarian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian	Sakmarian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Zisongian	Permian 1	Asselian	Shikhanian	Asselian	293.52
						Uskalykian		294.8
						Surenian		297.5
						Surenian		Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Carboniferous 5					Mapingian †	298.9
										300.1
								Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
										Stephanian B	300.9 *
										Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian								Stephanian A	303.7
										Cantabrian	305 *
											305.9
		Moscovian		Carboniferous 4							307
								Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
										Westphalian C	309.8
										Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian								Westphalian B	315.2
										Westphalian A	317 *
								Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
										Marsdenian	320.2 *
										Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
										Alportian	322 *
										Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Carboniferous 3						Chokierian	323.2
										Arnsbergian	324 *
										Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean		Carboniferous 2				Warnantian		Brigantian †	330.9
								Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
								Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1				Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian		Carboniferous 1				Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Devonian 5							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Devonian 4							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Devonian 3							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Devonian 3							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2							393.3
		Pragian		Devonian 1							407.6
		Lochkovian		Devonian 1							410.8
											419.2