PBDB Timescale

Permian of the Russian Platform

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 13 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 181 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of Western Europe	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous of Western Europe
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †					2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian												5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Serravallian												11.63
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian												15.98
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
		Bartonian												37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Ypresian												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian												56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan							145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan							149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan							150
							Heterian							154.5
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan							164.3
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan							176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan							184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran							188.9
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian							201.4
		Norian					Warepan							208.5
							Otamitan							217
							Oretian							221
		Carnian					Oretian							227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan							227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan							237
		Ladinian					Etalian							238
		Anisian					Etalian							242
		Anisian					Malakovian							246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian	Vokhmian						247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian							249
		Induan					Nelsonian							251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan							251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan							251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian							253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Zechstein		Waiitian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian		Longtanian †				254.14
							Puruhauan							254.2
			Tatarian	Vyatkian			Puruhauan							256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Severodvinian	Rotliegendes	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian			259.51
		Wordian		Urzhumian			Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			264.28
		Wordian		Urzhumian			Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian			266
		Roadian	Kazanian	Povolzhian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			266.9
		Roadian	Kazanian	Sokian				Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian							273.01
				Irenian/Ufimian			Mangapirian				276
				Filipovian							276.5 *
				Saraninian							280.1 *
		Artinskian	Artinskian	Sarginian	Autunian						283.5
				Sarginian			Telfordian				285
				Irginian							285.9 *
				Burtsevian							287.8 *
				Burtsevian							288.5
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian							290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian							291.7 *
		Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian							Bursumian †	293.52
				Uskalykian					294.8
				Surenian					297.5
				Surenian					Kuzel			297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Kuzel		Virgilian	298.9
									Stephanian			Stephanian C	300.3 *
												Stephanian B	300.9 *
												Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Missourian	Stephanian A	303.7
											Missourian	Cantabrian	305 *
											Desmoinesian		305.9 *
		Moscovian											307
									Westphalian			Westphalian D	307.4 *
												Westphalian C	309.8
											Atokan	Westphalian C	312.7 *
												Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian										Westphalian B	315.2
												Westphalian A	317 *
											Morrowan	Westphalian A	318.4 *
									Namurian			Yeadonian	318.8 *
												Marsdenian	320.2 *
												Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
												Alportian	322 *
												Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									Chesterian	Chokierian	323.2
												Arnsbergian	324 *
												Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean							Warnantian			Brigantian †	330.9
									Warnantian		Meramecian	Brigantian †	335.8 *
									Livian			Asbian †	336.3 *
									Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
									Moliniacian		Osagean	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	343.1 *
		Tournaisian							Ivorian		Osagean		346.7
									Ivorian		Kinderhookian		351.9 *
									Hastarian		Kinderhookian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian											358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian											372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian											382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian											387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian											393.3
		Pragian											407.6
		Lochkovian											410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								443.8
		Katian								445.2
		Sandbian								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †		497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †	504.5
														509