PBDB Timescale

Mesozoic Subages

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view

There are 10 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 46987 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Mesozoic Subages		Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Calabrian							0.774
		Gelasian							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Tertiary †				2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							5.333
		Tortonian							7.246
		Serravallian						Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Langhian							13.82
		Burdigalian							15.98
		Aquitanian							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Cenozoic 4	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian						Cenozoic 4	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian						Cenozoic 3	33.9
		Bartonian						Cenozoic 3	37.71
		Lutetian						Cenozoic 2	41.2
		Ypresian						Cenozoic 2	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Coniacian	Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian	Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian						89.8
		Cenomanian	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian					Cretaceous 5	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Late Albian					Cretaceous 4	100.5
			Middle Albian						106.2 *
			Early Albian						109.9 *
		Aptian	Late Aptian					Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian	Early Aptian					Cretaceous 3	119.5 *
		Barremian	Late Barremian/Early Barremian					Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian					Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian	Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian					Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian	Late Berriasian						139.8
			Middle Berriasian						140.6 *
			Early Berriasian						142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				Jurassic 6	145
		Tithonian	Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian				Jurassic 6	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian	Late Kimmeridgian					Jurassic 5	149.2
		Kimmeridgian	Early Kimmeridgian						152.2 *
		Oxfordian	Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					154.8
		Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian					157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian	Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian	Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian					Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian	Late Bajocian						168.2
		Bajocian	Early Bajocian						168.6 *
		Aalenian	Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian					Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Late Toarcian						174.7
			Middle Toarcian						180.4 *
			Early Toarcian						182.9 *
		Pliensbachian	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian					Jurassic 2	184.2
		Sinemurian	Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian					Jurassic 1	192.9
		Hettangian	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian					Jurassic 1	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						Triassic 4	201.4
		Norian	Sevatian						208.5
			Alaunian						213.2 *
			Lacian						216.7 *
		Carnian	Tuvalian					Triassic 3	227
		Carnian	Julian					Triassic 3	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Longobardian			Triassic 2	237
		Ladinian	Fassanian				239.7 *
		Anisian	Illyrian				242
			Pelsonian				243.8 *
			Bithynian				244.7 *
			Aegean				245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian			Triassic 1	247.2
		Olenekian	Smithian				248.9 *
		Induan	Dienerian				251.2
		Induan	Griesbachian				251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian				Permian 3		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian				Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian				Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian				Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian				Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian			Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3				Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				Cambrian 1	529
									538.8