Ten Million Year Bins
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Ten Million Year Bins | North American Land Mammal Ages | European Faunal Units | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Devonian of Czechoslovakia | Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | Saintaugustinean | 0 | |||||
| Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | |||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Cenozoic 5 | Astaracian | 11.63 | |||||||
| Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | 15.98 | ||||||||
| Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
| Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
| Agenian | 20 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Cenozoic 4 | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Cenozoic 3 | Chadronian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Cenozoic 1 | Gashatan | 56 | ||||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | Lancian/Edmontonian | 66 | |||||
| Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | Judithian/Aquilan | 72.1 | |||||||
| Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | ||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | ||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | |||||||
| Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | ||||||||
| Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | ||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | ||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||||
| Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | ||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | ||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | Jurassic 3 | 170.9 | ||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | Jurassic 2 | 184.2 | ||||||||
| Sinemurian | Jurassic 1 | 192.9 | ||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | Triassic 3 | 227 | ||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Triassic 2 | 237 | |||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | Triassic 1 | 247.2 | |||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Permian 4 | 251.902 | ||||||
| Wuchiapingian | 254.14 | |||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | ||||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| Roadian | Permian 3 | 266.9 | ||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | Permian 2 | 273.01 | |||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | Permian 1 | 293.52 | ||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Carboniferous 5 | 298.9 | ||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||
| Moscovian | Carboniferous 4 | 307 | ||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Carboniferous 3 | 323.2 | |||||||
| Visean | Carboniferous 2 | 330.9 | ||||||||
| Tournaisian | Carboniferous 1 | 346.7 | ||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Devonian 5 | 358.9 | ||||||
| Frasnian | Devonian 4 | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Devonian 3 | Srbsko | 382.7 | ||||||
| Eifelian | Chotec | 387.7 | ||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Devonian 2 | Daleje/Zlichovian | 393.3 | ||||||
| Pragian | Devonian 1 | Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||
| Lochkovian | Lochkovian | 410.8 | ||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | Silurian 2 | 419.2 | |||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | Silurian 1 | 433.4 | |||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Ordovician 5 | 443.8 | ||||||
| Katian | 445.2 | |||||||||
| Sandbian | Ordovician 4 | 453 | ||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Ordovician 3 | 458.4 | |||||||
| Dapingian | Ordovician 2 | 467.3 | ||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||
| Tremadocian | Ordovician 1 | 477.7 | ||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Cambrian 5 | 485.4 | ||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Cambrian 4 | 497 | |||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
| Wuliuan | Cambrian 3 | 504.5 | ||||||||
| Series 2 | Stage 4 | 509 | ||||||||
| Stage 3 | Cambrian 2 | 514 | ||||||||
| Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||
| Fortunian | Cambrian 1 | 529 | ||||||||
| 538.8 | ||||||||||